False Friends (Gläser 1992)

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False friends in LSP vocabulary – with special reference to foreign language teaching Rosemarie Gläser, 1992 1. General Information - Gläser approaches the topic of false friends from the angle of applied linguistics - She bases her analysis on a corpus of ESP textbooks from a variety of subject areas: medicine, chemistry, mathematics, physics, economics, process/civil/electrical/maritime engineering 2. Theoretical Aspects - A general definition of false friends by David Crystal (1988): ‘Words that look the same in two languages often do not mean the same thing. They are known as faux amis (“false friends”)’. - Problem of false friends of paramount importance for the following fields: contrastive linguistics, translation studies/translatology, lexicology and lexicography, terminology and terminography, foreign language teaching and learning - Total false friends = interlingual word pairs with morphological similarity or even identity, but with a completely different meaning ( tint = Farbton ≠ Tinte = ink - Partial false friends = 1. interlingual word pairs with identical morphological structure, but only a partial correspondence of their meaning ( drug = Arzneimittel; Arzneidroge ≠ Droge = Rauschgift 2. intralingual word pairs which share the same morphological structure, but have different terminological meanings in different subject areas or even within the same subject area ( diet = Ernährung, Kost (nutrition); Diät (special diet) 3. Corpus analysis on the basis of ESP textbooks - English for General Purposes (or: Common English = Allgemeinsprache) - English for Special Purposes (or: English Special Languages = Fachsprachen) - Examples of total false friends: nouns ( flash = Blitz ≠ Flasche = bottle ( gift = Geschenk ≠ Gift = poison verbs ( to prove = beweisen ≠ prüfen = to examine ( to become = werden ≠ bekommen = to get
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