Factors Influencing Language And Literacy

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Unit 2 Factors influencing Language and Literacy 5) Analyse the factors which have contributed to the development of English as a global language. Introduction ‘A language achieves a genuinely global status when it develops a special role that is recognised in every country’ (Crystal 1997 p.2). Although English is not the language with the greatest number of speakers worldwide, its importance as the language of communication is constantly increasing. English has become part of the lives of millions of people worldwide, playing crucial roles in societies, especially in business communication. . Over the last fifty years, there has been a gradual economic joining of countries to ensure greater financial influence in trade and commerce. In Europe this has culminated in the European Union (EU), the largest economic trading bloc in the world. Currently, there are twenty-seven members of the EU, sharing a single market and a common agricultural policy. At the moment of writing only thirteen of the twenty-seven countries have adopted a single currency. The English language has seen an unprecedented growth in these European countries and is the first choice foreign language taught in all the countries whose first language is not English. This reflects the growing importance of English. It is interesting to note that according the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the United Kingdom (UK) is the sixth largest economic power (according to gross domestic product (GDP) behind America, China, Japan, India and Germany (see www.imf.org). So the reasons for the dominance of English cannot be solely attributed to the number of people who speak it. Japan, for example, has a population of over 125 million and a GDP of nearly twice that of the UK, but ‘has yet few of the roles in international affairs that are played by English or French’ (Fishman (1992) in Baugh & Cable
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