What do earthquake swarms indicate? (page 94, para 2 to page 95) Earthquake swarms indicate that new fractures were forming. Swarms can be used as an early indication that magma from a storage zone is being injected into the rifts were these new fractures are happening. 3. What is "summit deflation"?
3. The process that is generating magma at this boundary is the subduction. When one plate subducts under another the pressure and temperature increase. As the temperature and pressure increase, the water is forced out of the minerals and rises to
Evidence of sea floor spreading can be found in the Atlantic, where it is believed that the North American and Eurasian plates are moving apart at a constructive plate margin. New land has been created due to the magma rising through a rift and cooling quickly on the surface, also creating a ridge of volcanoes called the Mid-Atlantic ridge. The
8. How does hornfels form? Rock contacts with magma and bakes rock. 9. Know that the type of metamorphic rock relates to how much heat and pressure the rock was exposed to.
He suggested that at the centre of oceans, molten material would rise from the Earth’s mantle, causing new sea floor to be created, pushing the ocean floor. He also suggested that there were ocean trenches where old sea floor would then go back into the mantle, and molten. He found that these ocean trenches, the deepest parts of the ocean, were very near continental plates. Hess theorized that the action of the sea floor spreading caused continents to move apart and so this being evidence for continental drift, showing why it happened. The evidence of sea floor spreading was further supported by Vine and Drummond, who studied the magnetic pattern of the sea floor.
Due to high temperatures in the mantle of around 3000 degrees centigrade, this oceanic crusts melts and then rises due to the convection currents in the aesthenosphere . As it joins with trapped seawater and sediment, it melts the overlying continental crust, and the magma plumes rise to the surface. They contain more silica so are more viscous, which plugs up the volcano, meaning pressure build up. This is why these volcanoes are so explosive. Another type of plate boundary are constructive, which is the margin between two diverging plates where new magma
These include.... * The eruption had left destruction in its wake, it created a ‘Pyroclastic Flow’ or ‘Nuée ardente’ (Glowing Cloud). This is a cloud of volcanic debris, made up of solid, semi solid and hot, expanding gases. The cloud behaves like a liquid, flowing down the slope of the volcano. It can reach up to and above 100Km/h and so destroys everything in its path. The pyroclastic flow from Mt.
The magma that reached the sea bed due to weakness in the crust cooled quickly and formed a layer of basalt above the sediments (see diagram 1). Other magma intrusions
Where is the park located and what are its' dimensions? The base of the Cascade Range was constructed as the Earth's crust folded and uplifted, pushing the seas westward. Molten rock pushed toward the surface, creating both violent eruptions and forcing an incredible amount of lava upward through enormous cracks. Within the past 750,000 years these explosive eruptions built a string of volcanoes on this plateau base. This Cascade Range of volcanoes extends from Canada's Mount Garibaldi to Lassen Peak in northern California.
The Island of Aruba is the result of lava hardening from a volcano that occurred almost 100 million years ago underwater. Eventually sediments formed new types of rocks, which came to the surface and began the process of island building. On the Island today the north coast is made up of a jagged coastline filled with all sorts of rocks. “Limestone’s are the youngest rocks that make up Aruba and that surround the islands older rocks. Limestone formed after and on top of the older rocks.” (Archaeological Museum Aruba, 3) While limestone is very common rock on Aruba, a white and black speckled plutonic rock called quartzdiorite is also another prevalent part of the landscape.