Normally presenting at birth or developing early in life, mental retardation is a developmental disability that is marked by below-normal intelligence and limited daily living skills. Individuals with this type of disability mature at a below average rate and experience unusual difficulty in learning, which leads to considerable problems in adapting to everyday life. Categorized by timing, mental retardation can be caused by many factors before, during, and after the child is born. Genetic disorder such as Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, and PKU are the three most common inborn causes. It cannot be denied that the daily choices a pregnant woman makes may affect the mental health of her fetus.
Economic: Health Status- if a child has a condition, their education and home life can be affected as they may not be able to attend school as much as other children. If the parent has a condition the child may be the carer. Poverty- A family on a low income may not be able to provide for their child as well as others. Accommodation and level of housing may be low which can affect their physical health. They may be less likely to achieve as well at school due to lack of space at home to complete homework.
And some young people and children may be abused or exploited so, they need to look after away from their families. The reasons are as follows: 1) Bereavement: most look after children will have experienced so many disruptions in their lives. This may include painful experiences such as family bereavement. As a result the children’s education may become affected and they may be below their expected class average. This will have caused from poor concentration, the child may also need specific help in their work and class before any sort of progress can be made.
With children are currently distressing from health ailments such as Type 1 (Juvenile) Diabetes, Asthma, and Sickle Cell disease, also along with other common protracted conditions, it is important that there are certain adjustments for these children while they are performing physical activities. By having accommodations, they could help to reduce a reaction of an episode of the disease when it comes to physical activity and also to not overexert themselves for that certain exercise. Out of the three listed diseases – Type 1 (Juvenile) Diabetes, Asthma, and Sickle Cell disease, this paper will focus on Sickle cell disease. In this paper, it will cover the background information about the Sickle Cell Disease, the cause of pain inside of the body, and the complications that the child would experience. Possible steps of precaution for safe exercise and the modifications that the physical education teacher would have to enforce and consider when the child is exercising in the class will also be discussed.
There are many factors that influence a child/young person development. Development may affect before birth or after birth. Antenatal – Is known as the period from conception to birth. During this period mainly the life style of the mother affects the development of the child. If the mother smokes, takes drugs, becomes ill or suffers from stress this can result in premature birth and health problems for the baby such as -: low birth weight, undeveloped organs, problems with sight and hearing which will result in the delay their development.
Care needs in different life stages In this task I will explain the different care needs of individuals at different life stages. Infant 0-3 During an infant’s life there are many care needs that need to be provided by their parents or carer. An infant will need to be looked after 24/7. They will need someone to bath them, dress them and feed them as a child of this age would not be able to do this for themselves. Infants will also need to be taught how to read and write, this should be done by the parents however if a child attends nursery then this would also be taught there.
Children’s behavior depends on their environment around them. Bronfenbrenner (1977) state “according to the contextual model of child development, family is the most important microenvironment for children and has a direct and powerful influence on their personality and psychological health.” Naturally, children need to have somebody to look up to in their lives, but that does not mean that all of their role models have a good impact on them. For the last few years, it seems that kids are not getting enough attention from their parents, because of that child are acting badly like vandalizing other people’s property, drug dealing, and mistreating everyone. Several children behave badly in order to get their parents' attention. Also, the
During this stage, it is known that young infants need the attention and care that their parents are supposed to provide to them. The baby will understand whether the world is safe or not. If the child is neglected due to the parent or care giver, then the child will grow up not trusting the world or his or her future relationships. “Success in this stage will lead to a virtue of hope” (McLeod, 2008). Since this is the first stage in Erikson’s psychosocial development, it is crucial that parents give their children care in order for the future stages of development to be fulfilled.
Children & Young Person Development Expected pattern of children and young people’s development The way in which all children and young people grow and develop does vary; therefore there is a wide expected development pattern. However, as a whole there are many similarities which means there is certain milestones that can be set out across the children and young person's lifetime. Newborns Although most may see them as destitute, but in reality they have the capability to recognise their mothers smell and voice and also crying to let others know they need assistance. However, babies who are born prematurely may take longer to reach certain milestones. Physical In a newborn you would mainly expect reflexes such as the startle reflex where are baby reacts to a sudden bright light or noise, by jerking their arms outwards and clenching their fists or the walking & standing reflex, where if a child is held upright with feet firm on the ground, they will start to make stepping movements or lastly the Falling reflex also known as the Moro reflex, where babies will stretch out their arms suddenly and then clasp inwards in any situation that they feel as if they are falling.
The risks of teen pregnancy Teen pregnancy can be one of the most difficult experiences a teen ever faces, but there are steps you can take to help your daughter deal with teen pregnancy. Understand how to support your teen as she faces the consequences of teen pregnancy Teen pregnancy is often a crisis for a young girl and her family, as well as the baby's father and his family. Common reactions include anger, guilt and denial. Your teen may also experience anxiety, fear, shock and depression. You will need to take to you teen about the risk of becoming a mother so soon.