In conjunction with the social outlook of the nation, the policies in particular that were implemented by the Federal government and the Federal Reserve preceding each clash played significant roles in determining the consequences of the wars and their aftermath in the United States. Before thoroughly examining policies in American history and their intended or unintended consequences, it is important to first understand the difference between specific types of policies. According to the Federal Reserve System, the goal of Monetary Policy is “to promote effectively the goals of maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates” (Purposes and Functions). In order to achieve these objectives, the Federal Open Market Committee is authorized to set the federal funds
The study shall also involve a review of various studies to bring an intersection of sociology, political economics, and economics itself in a bid to demonstrate how these subjects exist as theories of market society and moral ethics behind the same. In trying to justify the ethics behind market society as opposed to aristocratic society, this paper shall tackle the increasing prominence of moralised markets in economic sociology. While dealing with markets along this dimension, different markets stand out as moral projects and cultural phenomena in one way or another. Introduction In a bid to shed some light on the concept of market society and it ethics, different researchers have carried out several studies. Hirschman (1977) stipulated that most people perceived market to be the force behind civilisation.
We used the adjusted present value method to value Gannett’s acquisition and to get a more robust conclusion. After a careful analysis, we recommend Cox Communications to finance the acquisition of Gannet with the feline PRIDES securities. Even though this option doesn’t satisfy all the constraints of the firm, it is still the one that is closer to fulfilling the goals of both the Cox family and the board of directors. Background In 1898, when Cox Communications Inc. was founded it started its business in the newspaper industries. However, in 1962 the firm expanded, entering into the cable television business.
Waltz argues in favor of this reinterpretation in order to make political realism a more accurate theory of international politics. He suggests a systemic approach: the international structure acts as a restriction on state behavior, so that only states whose outcomes fall within an expected range survive. This system is comparable to a microeconomic model in which firms accept both their prices and quantity based on the market. Neorealists endeavor to simplify explanations of behavior with a view to explaining and predicting general tendencies better. They stress the structure of the international system in their analyses as a clarifying feature over states, which are emphasized by earlier realists, and over the natural characteristics of human beings.
Pricing strategy & practice The two components of a fair price: social and personal Sarah Maxwell Fordham University, New York, New York, USA Lucette Comer Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to isolate the effects of personal fairness (the consumer’s evauation of the magnitude of the price) and the social fairness (the acceptability of the price given the social norms of the society). Design/methodology/approach – This research adapted the scenarios used in the pivotal fair pricing study conducted by Kahneman, Knetsch and Thaler. To demonstrate the difference between their results and the results when personal and social fairness were separated, the analysis replicated that of Kahneman, Knetsch and Thaler. Findings – The paper finds that an individual’s self-serving concern for a personally fair price is moderated by their other-serving concern for a socially fair price. Research limitations/implications – This research demonstrates that there is a significant difference in the personal and social fairness of price, whether it is a price for goods, wages or rents.
(Gordon, 2006) One must avoid viewing this question bluntly as we must delve into all the elements involved. What the sanctions achieve depend on the objectives and their resultant success. Henceforth, I will be discussing what economic sanctions achieve, politically, socially, economically and independently. Economic sanctions involve ‘restrictions upon international trade and finance that one country imposes on another for political reasons.’(Investorwords, no date) There are many types of economic sanction used, most notably comprehensive and targeted smart sanctions. The success of the sanctions depends on a number of factors.
At the heart of this essay, we will not only look at both sides of the debate, but also ultimately look to prove that both philosophies are quite practical, depending on the position of the nation in question, from a global financial standpoint. On one hand, we have Aldo Musacchio, who defines state capitalism as a system in which both democratic and autocratic governments apply extensive influence on their own economies, “through direct ownership or various subsidies”. He claims not to be an advocate of state capitalism; however, he advises liberalists to adopt some sort of a state capitalist system. He claims, “a hybrid form of capitalism – state support disciplined by the market” – provides state capitalism with new features and advantages. Firstly, it creates ‘National Champions’ that have fast risen up in the corporate world.
In the fairly recent past, different labels used to be enough to designate right wing thinking. Generally, the concepts and principles of neoliberalism can be clarified as economic perspective, political perspective as well as social perspective. In many cases, the word is used to refer to "global market-liberalism ('capitalism') and for free-trade policies". It will be not complete to define the term in only one of these aspects. As a matter of fact, "Neoliberalism is not just economics: it is a social and moral philosophy, in some aspects qualitatively different from liberalism" (Neoliberalism: origins, theory, definition, 2005).
End-term essay December, 2011 Written by Memeti Albert Rational choice institutionalism: Institution and economic development Rational choice institutionalism, as a part of the three approaches of the “new institutionalism”, in political science drew fruitful analytical tools from the new economics of organization. Scholars supporting this approach, tried to research the role that institutions play in the determination of social and political outcomes as well as the behavior of the individuals in broader aspect of institutions. They have a significant impact in theory of institutional economy, especially the implications of the institutional reform in the European Union, where they emphasize the importance of property rights, rent – seeking, and transactions costs to the operation and development of institutions. This paper is focuses on answering three questions: First, how rational scholars see the institutions, second, explaining the behavior of individuals and its critics; and third, presenting the economic development of transitional countries from institutional perspective. Starting with the origin of the institutions, rational choice institutionalists use the deduction method to arrive at functions that an institution performs.
Mercantilism was the dominant school of thought in Europe throughout the late Renaissance and early modern period (from the 15th-18th century). Mercantilism encouraged the many intra-European wars of the period and arguably fueled European expansion and imperialism — both in Europe and throughout the rest of the world — until the 19th century or early 20th century. Arguments have been made[by whom?] for the historical promotion of mercantilism in Europe since recorded history, with authors noting the trade policies of Athens and its Delian League specifically mention[clarification needed] control of value of trade in bullion as necessary for the promotion of the Greek polis. Additionally, the noted competition of medieval monarchs for control of the market town trade and of the spice trade, as well as the copious documentation of Venice, Genoa, and Pisa regarding control of the Mediterranean trade of bullion clearly points to an early understanding of mercantilistic principles.