Acquiring this absolute power however, was no easy feat, and Caesar had well equipped himself through previous expeditions of Europe and the ancient world with all the resources necessary to gain power in Ancient Rome. One such "expedition" was Julius Caesar's conquest of Gaul. On this expedition, Caesar went to great lengths to write a thorough book about his conquest, and to justify his expenditures to the Roman public and Senate. Through Gaul, Caesar found a way to acquire power and prestige for himself within the Roman political arena. It is debated however as to why Caesar wrote about Gaul, whether it be to bask in his glory of his nine-year campaign or to use as propaganda for the political upheaval he would soon mount against Rome.
Roman architecture did not simply appear out of thin air; it has its roots in Grecian and Etruscan architecture. The Etruscans gained most of their knowledge of building from the Greeks (Carr). However, they were the first to build big stone structures in Italy. Although they took after many Greek architectural ways, they also developed new forms of their own. The Etruscans tried to create a new architectural style that differed from that of the Greeks.
154) After the rise of Julius Caesar the whole Mediterranean world became under roman legeslation. (pg.154) One of the most profound leaders under Julius Caesar, Marcus Cicero a philosopher who oppossed tyranny and political corruption. (pg.154) Cicero believed that monarchy, aristocracy and Democracy were the three principles of construction to a good government. (pg.155) Rome was more based on a legeslative attack, romans in the old days are more recollected for having great knowledge of the world we live in today. One of the most influential people in Rome was Marcus Cicero, a great philopsoper as we say and exam most of his work today we see a story of a honored and respected man as well as loyal, but his loyalty would prove to be his greatest downfall and which would lead to his exicution.
Evaluation of the Changes in Roman Society Due to Punic Wars. The Punic wars were the important events in the western civilization as they were the taking place simultaneously with the development of Rome empire. The invasion of Italy left Rome with the major rival in the Carthage. Carthage is located on the peninsula in the Gulf of Tunis, and it is linked by two canals as it has two harbors. In all, there occurred three different Punic wars at different times.
d. Gutenberg: invented Printing Press; e. Petrarch: Important writer and poet who spread Humanism, the Renaissance. 2. The Renaissance occurred in Italy because 3 main reasons: #1 - National rivalries: In this time, Humanism appeared in Italy and it affected and made differences between the development of Italy and other Europe countries following Scholasticism. Humanism centralized in human-being and then it supported more and more scientific and artistic invention discovering. #2- Close link with the classical Past: Italy in that time located on the coast so that the culture and history were affluent in a long time.
Fascism did not rise from one single event; it grew from actions of people and groups over many years. The Unification of Italy through to the post war years of 1919 – 1922 brought constant problems within the economic, social and political levels of society which led to the Fascist regime destroying a political system that had lasted 50 years. Economic, Social and Political problems post WW1 The new state of Italy was to be dominated for the next 50 years by the Liberals. They believed that under the rule of educated, progressive men, such as themselves, Italy would become a “citizenry proud of its nationality and loyal to state. (Robson, 1992)” However, reviewing the economical, social and political issues this was not to be.
Pre-1815 Firstly ,before the French Revolution and Napoleon Bonaparte, both Italy and Germany shared some similar features. Italy was divided into a number of separate states which were ruled by despotic kings. Yet the Italians shared a common language and a common history - the Roman Empire. Many still had memories of the ancient unity and glory. Germany was actually more divided than Italy.
He is claimed to be the eldest of the native kings of Italy and is praised for having taught his people correct customs and the proper way to worship gods. Although Janus’s life as a mortal appears to have been short lived, it appears that his transition into a god resulted in nothing less than a continuation of his goodness. Janus’s transition into an immortal deity is seldom discussed, however it is widely held that Janus was originally the god of heaven and of the sun, as well as the god of springs and rivers, before he took on his ultimate and most commonly held title. As the god of heaven, Janus served as the doorkeeper and made sure that heaven’s gates were opened every morning and closed every night. Although such titles as the god of heaven and the sun should not be rendered unimportant, it should be emphasized that Janus, as a god, is most commonly known for his role as the god of new beginnings and passageways, and it is under this title that the remainder of this essay will be conducted.
C. M. Bowra says of Greek influence on contemporary society: “the modern world is far too deeply indebted to Greece to accept in unthinking ingratitude what it has inherited”. Similarly, Hadas notes that at the dawn of Roman civilization “ancient cities already had a layer of Greek culture. On this Rome superimposed imperial buildings...Augustus boasted of restoring 82 temples” These two extracts show us just how pivotal ancient Greek architecture, particularly temples, was at the time and continues to be to this day. It speaks of the restoration projects the Romans undertook to resuscitate decrepit Greek temples, and whilst the new temples “shared many basic characteristics with Greek architecture... it tended to be ornate and elaborate overall”. The Romans moved away from the simple, ordered and comparatively humble style of Greek temples and created more lavish, grandiose buildings, made possible by engineering developments such as concrete, arches, vaults and domes, to emulate the epicurean taste, vast wealth and power of the Empire.
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates University College of Humanities and Social Sciences Report about: Panting in Roman art * Introduction: Ancient Rome’s most important historian concerning the arts, recorded that nearly all the forms of art—sculpture, landscape, portrait painting, even genre painting — were advanced in Greek times, and in some cases, more advanced than in Rome. Though very little remains of Greek wall art and portraiture, certainly Greek sculpture and vase painting bears this out. These forms were not likely surpassed by Roman artists in fineness of design or execution. As another example of the lost "Golden Age", he singled out Peiraikos, whose artistry is surpassed by only a very few, He painted barbershops and shoemakers’ stalls, donkeys, vegetables, and such, and for that reason came to be called the 'painter of vulgar subjects'; yet these works are altogether delightful, and they were sold at higher prices than the greatest [paintings] of many other artists. The adjective "vulgar" is used here in its original meaning, which means "common".