These risk factors affect cellular function by slowing down the amount of oxygen and blood flow the cells are receiving. Weight gain causes the heart to work harder, trying to pump blood throughout the body. Consuming a diet containing fatty foods cause the arteries to become clogged. B. Assuming Joseph’s heart has stopped, what cellular processes and membrane functions are going to be affected by the loss of oxygen, blood glucose, and waste removal?
Lactose Intolerance What is it? Lactose intolerance is a common digestive problem where the body is unable to digest lactose, a type of sugar mainly found in milk and dairy products. How is it caused? The body digests lactose by using an enzyme called lactase to break down lactose into two simpler sugars called glucose and galactose, which can then be easily absorbed into the bloodstream. Enzymes are proteins that cause chemical reactions to occur.
How would the breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the function of Joseph’s heart cells? All intracellular organelles have membranes as part of their structure except ribosomes. The breakdown of these membranes affect the function of the heart because the lack of ATP has affected the plasma membrane pumps and stopped the moving of the ATPase calcium from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum of the cardiac muscle. As the calcium level rice the protease spill into the interior of the cell which attacks the cytoskeleton, causing enzymes to eat away at the membranes. Queston D: Two important pieces of information-the instructions of Joseph’s body needs to repair itself and his predisposition for vascular disease- are both contained within the cell on which structures?
This is another effective method of resynthesizing ATP so that more energy can be released throughout the body to help carry out physical activities. This energy system is important because it comes into place immediately after creatine phosphate stores become depleted. Whilst the body recovers to re-establish CP the lactic acid system starts with the process anaerobic glycolysis. Due to lactic acid production, this energy system can only be predominant for up to 2 minutes. Therefore this substance needs to be removed from the body before it interferes with muscle contraction.
Autumn Hamman GE 258 A & P 1 Unit 2 Case study: The Cellular Level of Organization “Joseph’s story” Question B: Assuming Joseph’s heart has stopped, what cellular processes and membrane functions are going to be affected by the loss of oxygen, blood glucose, and waste removal? As the blood slows and the flow of oxygen and glucose slows, each cells continues to work rapidly burning up its ATP supply. Carbon dioxide builds in the cells and the pH balance begins to drop. Eventually the cells begin to die and the Active transport pumps shut down the plasma membranes of Joseph’s heart. The cells become leaky; sodium slowly began to leak into the cells, and potassium leaked out.
The sequel of refeeding syndrome adversely affect nearly every organ system and include cardiac dysrhythmias, heart failure, acute respiratory failure, coma, paralysis, nephropathy, and liver dysfunction. The primary cause of the metabolic response to refeeding is the shift from stored body fat to carbohydrate as the primary fuel source. Serum insulin levels rise, causing intracellular movement of electrolytes for use in metabolism. The best advice when initiating nutritional support is to "start low and go slow". Recommendations to reduce the risk of refeeding syndrome
Eating carbohydrate rich foods or drinks such as alcohol that are quickly processed into blood sugar causes the pancreas to go into overtime to produce the insulin necessary for all this blood sugar to be used for energy. This insulin surge tells our body that plenty of energy is readily available and that it should stop burning fat and start storing it. But fat deposit is not the biggest problem here. The greater concern is that the insulin surge causes too much blood sugar to be transported out of our blood, which results in our blood sugar and insulin levels dropping below normal. This leaves us feeling tired and hungry and wanting to eat more.
C6 H12 O6 = 2C3 H6 O3 + 2ATP (lactate) This is a structure of ATP ATP contains sugar which is Ribose, a base which is Adenine and three phosphate groups. Biological systems transfer the energy in glucose to ATP because unlike glucose ATP releases its energy instantly in a single reaction and also the hydrolysis of ATP releases a small amount of energy, ideal for fuelling reactions in the body. Glucose is obtained from food; we eat pasta which is a carbohydrate which is then broken down into glucose by the digestive system. The process which breaks this down is known as catabolism, this is the breakdown of food components, breaking down
Carbohydrates are converted from glucose to glycogen, to be stored in liver and muscle cells. Eventually, the body turns to fat storage for energy, and possibly, with more ease in the presence of L-carnitine. This is where L-carnitine as a supplement enters. During high energy output, the supply of L-carnitine becomes exhausted. Is it possible to compensate for this decrease solely through metabolic processes and diet?
Many nutrients like Carbohydrates will convert to the glucose and go right into your blood stream. Then they travel throughout the body to different tissues where they can be used as fuel. Insulin is a natural hormone that is produced by the pancreas when stimulated by the sugar in the blood. The sugar can't get to the cells without a little bit help of the insulin. Not enough insulin is being produced