LABORATORY REPORT (Click on the Save a Copy button on the panel above to save your report) Activity: Name: Instructor: Date: Enzyme Activity Khadija Mohamed Dr Smith December 10, 2011 Predictions 1. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at pH 6 2. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at 40 °C (104 °F) 3. Sucrase activity increases with increasing sucrose concentration until a plateau is reached. Materials and Methods Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity.
“The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed”. (King, R 2012) Energy can be converted into many different forms, such as; chemical energy can be converted into heat energy. Nutrients contain molecules that have high chemical energy potential but are often not available to the body. Chemical energy that is found in the nutrients can also be converted into a useful form of mitochondria, this is cellular respiration. Glucose + Water = Carbon dioxide + Water, the same time, ADP is converted to ATP a high energy unstable molecule.
Controlled Variables. temperature; pH; sucrase + sucrose incubation time 4. Describe what is measured as an indicator of sucrase activity and why this is an indicator of sucrase activity. The amount of product produced is an indicator of sucrase activity. This is an indicatore because sucrase is an enzyme found in the small intestine that catalyzes the splitting of the disaccharide sucrose into the monosaccharides glucos and fructose.
a. decreasing the temperature b. changing the concentration of A c. changing the concentration of B d. changing the concentration of C e. letting the reaction go on for a long time 4. The gas phase reaction A + B C has a reaction rate which is experimentally observed to follow the relationship rate = k[A]2[B]. If the concentration of A is tripled and the concentration of B is doubled, the reaction rate would be increased by a factor of ____. a. 6 b.
Changing the pH toward the optimal pH will [ increase | decrease | not change ] the rate of reaction. Introducing a competitive inhibitor will [ increase | decrease | not change ] the rate of reaction. 4. Place a check mark next to the things that are expected to INCREASE the rate of an enzymatic reaction ___X____ Add more enzyme ___X____ Add more substrate ___X____ Adjust pH to optimal level _______ Add a non-competitive inhibitor _______ freezing 5. What characteristics do all enzymes share?
Different ways organisms use ATP ATP is a source of energy used for many different processes. ATP provides an immediate source of energy in a cell and is synthesised from ADP + Pi. One way in which organisms use ATP is for active transport. In active transport, molecules are moved from a low concentration to a high concentration. One example of where this would occur is glucose absorption into the blood.
Below is a table showing the rate of reaction as the concentration of substrate is increased. The rate of reaction will increase as the concentration of substrate increases due to the increase in potential of a substrate colliding with an enzyme. You can see by looking at the graph that the rate of reaction will increase until the enzymes become saturated, the enzymes reach maximum productivity. All active sites are occupied. Product cannot be formed any quicker as maximum efficiency as been reached and the only way to increase the rate of reaction any further would be to increase the concentration of enzymes.
AS substrates are initially added, the activity is higher and then it reaches a plateau with increase. NO. Sucrase activity reached a plateau. Correct Predictions: Optimal temperature: 40 °C (104 °F), Sucrase activity increases with increasing sucrose concentration until a plateau is reached. Incorrect predictions: Sucrase will have highest activity at ph 6 not ph 7 Warm up exercise increases body temperature making it ideal for enzyme activity Increasing myosin activity makes muscles tougher and stiff and limits free movement for performance.
PREDICTIONS 1. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at: pH 3 2. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at: 70˚ C 3. Sucrase activity: increases with increasing sucrose concentration MATERIALS AND METHODS Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity 1. Dependent Variable: amount of product (glucose & fructose) produced 2.
I also predict that doubling the concentration of acid will require double the amount of alkali to reach an end point. This would be due to there being more hydrogen ions present in a more concentrated acid, and therefore more OH- ions needed to neutralise these. When concentration doubles, this means there is twice as many H+ ions; therefore twice as much alkali will be needed to balance them out. Apparatus list: