There are several different forms of muscular dystrophy, each of which weakens different muscle groups in various ways. The first type is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, the most common type of the disease, is caused by a problem with the gene that makes the protein, dystropin. The second type is Becker Muscular Dystrophy, which is similar to Duchenne’s, but it’s symptoms like muscle breakdown and weakness occur at age 10 or even as an adult. The third type is Emery-Driefuss Muscular Dystrophy which affects mostly boys, involves joint problems in muscles, upper arms, and shins. There are also many other types, but these are the most common.
This disease only has to consist with voluntary muscles, but youcan also end up having heart and smooth muscle problems. When a person has a disease likemuscular dystrophy, their muscles lose the ability to contract and relax and begin to get weak(Abramovitz 15-29). 2. Courtney WintzellOctober 18, 20111st period Diagnosis of any type of Muscular Dystrophy can sometimes be difficult because many ofthem resemble each other (Abramovitz, 15-29). Muscular Dystrophy was first described in 1830by a Scottish surgeon Sir Charles Bell (Abramovitz 15-29).
Such cases may consist of trouble breathing, hearing and vision difficulties or impairment, scoliosis, hip deformities, tremors, and trouble speaking. Pregnancy, some medications, and alcohol seem to intensify conditions caused by CMT. Even though symptoms are most commonly observed among children and young adults, CMT can affect people of any age and ethnicity around the world. Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome is classified into varies categories that are all categorized by the mode of inheritance and their effects, but classification can be difficult since symptoms of the disease can be interchangeable. CMT type 1 is the most common type of CMT in which the disease is generally inherited by
Clinically, a variety of facal deficits are possible including changes in the level of consciousness and impairments of sensory, motor, cognitive, perceptual and language functions. To be classified as stroke, neurological deficits must persist for at least 24 hours. Motor deficits are characterized by paralysis (hemiplegia) or weakness (hemiparesis , which typically on the side of body opposite the side of the lesion (cross motor deficit). It is a cross process. The terms hemiplegia is often used generically refer to the wide variety of motor problems that result from stroke.
When put together in laymen’s terms, Muscular Dystrophy is deteriorating muscle. Hence all the types of MD, Myotonic Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Becker Muscular Dystrophy, Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy, Congenital Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy, Distal Muscular Dystrophy and Emery-Dreifuss, are different types of named medical conditions in which you will find muscle tissue deteriorating due to one cause or another. I will attempt to explain the different types and causes in the following paragraphs. Duchenne MD or DMD was named after French neurologist Dr. Guillaume Benjamin Amand Duchenne in the 1860s and Becker MD or BMD was named after German doctor Peter Emil Becker, who first described this variance of DMD in the 1950s. With Duchenne MD boys will start to show signs as early as the age of three.
Tumors, scar tissue (adhesions), or twisting or narrowing of the intestines can cause a bowel obstruction. In the small intestine, scar tissue is most often the cause. Other causes include hernias and Crohn's disease, which can twist or narrow the intestine, and tumors, which can block the intestine. In the large intestine, cancer is most often the cause. Other causes are severe constipation from a hard mass of stool, and narrowing of the intestine caused by diverticulitis or inflammatory bowel disease.
The prenatal form has been described as a more severe, congenital form of Caffey disease that is probably inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Patients present with major angulation of the long bones, generalized symmetrical involvement of the skeleton, and polyhydramnios. Because the prenatal form is a rare presentation of Caffey disease, the remaining discussion in this article, except in the differential diagnostic section, pertains to the more common, infantile form. [5, 6] Hyperostosis has also been
For example, at birth typically a child’s vision is 20/600 and will not reach 20/20 until age two. They can usually focus on objects or people that are up to 4 to 30 inches away and can following a moving finger. Newborns also prefer colored stimuli compared to gray ones, but do not develop full perception of color until they are about four months old (Morrongiello et al., 1998). Newborns have reflexes as their sole physical ability. A reflex is an automatic body response to a stimulus that is involuntary; that is, the person has no control over this response.
Other risk factors includeanemia, blood transfusions, respiratory distress, breathing difficulties, and the overall health of the infant. There are five stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity ranging from mild to severe. In stage one, the disease is mild and usually is resolved on its own. Stage two is moderate and will also resolve on its own without treatment and will eventually develop normal vision. Stage three is severe, blood vessels grow towards the center of the eye instead of their normal growth pattern around the retina.
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive chronic neurodegenerative disorder that effects movement, muscle control and balance as well as numerous other functions. Parkinson’s actually affects most of the systems in the body. Since Parkinson’s is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease, it can eventually work its way through all systems: digestive (gastrointestinal) respiratory and circulatory systems, musculoskeletal, excretory and urinary systems, reproductive systems, immune system and the endocrine system. The major symptoms of Parkinson’s are asymmetrical tremors at rest, rigidity, and slowness in movement. There currently is no cure for Parkinson’s disease; it is always chronic and progressive, meaning the symptoms always exist and always worsen over time.