Does eating a lot of junk food make you fat or is it genetics? Is it our metabolic rate that causes us to be obese or slim as some people do not gain weight even if they eat a lot of junk food? Timothy Frayling ,Professor of Human Genetics at the University Of Exeter thinks that “genetics factors are the main driver for obesity in today’s environment. Twin and adoption studies show that consistently that variation in body mass index has a strong genetic component with estimated effects of up to 70%.” Studies also show that people carrying 2 copies of a gene associated with obesity (the FTO gene) are, on average, heavier than those carrying 2copies of the protective version. A recent study of over 200,000 people showed that the FT0 variant had a stronger effect in sedentary people than in those who are physically active, while studies of physical activity in schoolchildren show that
People go on these starvation diets thinking that they are going to lose a lot of weight, but what ends up happening is that their body goes into starvation mode and their body stores the fat because the body does not know when the next time it is going to get food. Some studies have found that individuals have regained 7 to 122% of their initial weight loss. Starvation diets do not meet the needs of the general population. There is a reason why we eat which is for energy, survival, health, and growth and if your on a starvation diet it does not meet these needs. In terms of eating patterns adolescents have a increase of need of energy.
The importance of Body Mass Index (BMI) Obesity is the accumulation of adipose (fatty) tissue in the body. This is now considered by the world health organisation to be a public health problem, hence it is a good practise to monitor and be aware of service user’s body mass index (BMI).There can be a genetic predisposition to gain weight, the risk is increased when parents themselves, or close relatives are obese. Also inadequate physical activity often combined with ‘bad eating habits’ cause an imbalance in the amount of energy taken in and expanded. It is also important to look at other factors such as hormonal imbalance and the ingestion of medication e.g. corticoids and antidepressants.Previously considered as an aesthetic problem, obesity is now regarded as a real illness.
Assessment Name: Joanna Gniazdowska Part 1: Know about different eating disorders 1a. Describe at least two different eating disorders. Eating disorder 1: Anorexia Nervosa – unrealistic perception of body weight and fear of gaining weight or becoming fat. People suffering from anorexia consume restrictive quantities of food which can lead to starvation. They count calories, may be obsessed over weight loss programmes, repeat weighing and physical examinations, skip meals and use laxatives.
| Poor nutrition can be a result of not eating enough food, or not eating the right kind of food. Not eating enough or eating all the wrong kind of food can lead the body to face health complications in the future. One complication the body faces with poor nutrition is diabetes. Diabetes can be caused by obesity, high blood pressure and high
Maternal nutritional status can alter the epigenetic state (stable alterations of gene expression through DNA methylation and histone modifications) of the fetal genome. Maternal under nutrition during gestation reduces placental and fetal growth. Fetal growth is most vulnerable to maternal dietary deficiencies of nutrients (e.g., protein and micronutrients) during the peri-implantation period and the period of rapid placental development. Undernutrition in pregnant women may result from low intake of dietary nutrients owing to either a limited supply of food or severe nausea and vomiting. Also, significant problems arise from the mother being over- weight or obese due to over eating.
Select 5 nutrients that were low in your diet and 5 nutrients that were high in your diet. Explain how EACH of the nutrients that you selected as too high or too low functions in your body and affects your health and risk factors for diseases. Calories function as the body’s source of energy, with levels too high I run the risk of weight gain which can lead to diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. Insoluble dietary fiber aids in the body’s digestion, and soluble fiber picks up LDL cholesterol and helps remove it from the body as it is digested. Too much fiber can cause my body to experience cramping, bloating, and abdominal discomfort which can lead to nutrient malabsorption and a dangerous accumulation of toxins.
Food additives can affect food positively and negatively. Food additives have become more popular in foods because a large number of societies do not cultivate their own crops. Additives in food are growing in the world because of demanding life styles, no time for “homemade” meals, and just plain and simple laziness. Technology is also a key factor in the production of food additives. Although some people may be against the concept of a food additive, scientists do very thorough testing on each individual additive.
[online] Over nutrition is where you take in too many nutrients, this affects energy balance and leads to obesity. It also affects health, for example high intakes of salt are linked to high blood pressure. Under nutrition means not getting enough nutrients and can lead to starvation. All of these conditions can lead to low self esteem, depression, anxiety and in many cases anger problems. Body Mass Index (BMI) is used as a guide to a person’s weight.
Obesity as Social Stigma Compulsive overeating (binging but not purging) is most often considered a bad habit that can easily be changed. On the contrary, compulsive overeating is an eating disorder that is more properly defined as an addiction rather than a simple habit. Overeaters use eating as a means of hiding from their emotions and coping with the stress and problems of their lives, turning to food for comfort. Compulsive overeating is characterized by uncontrollable eating that results in weight gain that may lead to obesity. According to the American Obesity Association (2002), obesity is a “complex, multi-factorial chronic disease involving environmental (social and cultural) and genetic, physiologic, metabolic, behavioral and psychological components.” AOA points out that approximately 127 million adults in the U.S. are overweight, with 60 million being obese.