When two carriers have a child there’s a 50% chance that the child will be a carrier, but not have the disease. There’s a 25% chance that their child will not be a carrier, and not have the disease; and there’s a 25% chance that their child will have tay-sachs. In america, about 3 to 5 babies are born with tay-sachs every year. Tay-Sachs Disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell has the cell mutation. Tay-Sachs becomes apparent in infancy.
There is a 25% risk of giving birth to an affected child with each pregnancy. The prognosis of a newborn infant that is born with Tay-Sachs disease is poor. Due to the complications of the disease, the average age death will occur is between 4 to 5 years old. The first symptoms usually appear between 3-6 months of age. The most common symptom that appears is a “cherry red” macula in the retina.
After the implementation and licensure of the live measles vaccine in 1963 the number of cases significantly dropped by 1988 in the U.S... However, in 1989-1991, the number of cases began to rise. 55,000 cases were reported with 495 deaths reported from measles. This increase was blamed on preschool aged children who had not been vaccinated with one dose of vaccine. Outbreaks were also reported in children who had been given one dose of vaccine.
Some children develop pebbly or ivory colored skin lesions on the upper arms, legs and back. The degree of advancement is different in each individual, and the range is very broad in the types and severity of symptoms (National MPS Society, 2014). The extent of mental retardation and life expectancy are two of the highest concerns related to Hunter Syndrome. Those with the disease that are not mentally retarded have lived into their 20’s and 30’s. Reports show some have lived to be sixty.
In the United States, about 1,050 children and adolescents are diagnosed with carcinomas each year. Of these, about 350 (35.5 percent) are thyroid carcinomas and 300-350 (30.9 percent) are melanomas. Adrenocortical carcinomas (1.3 percent), nasopharyngeal carcinomas (4.5 percent), other skin carcinomas (0.5 percent), along with other and unspecified (27.3 percent) make up the rest. All of the carcinomas represent only 9 percent of all cancers in children. Nearly 75 percent (2,047) of the childhood carcinomas occur in adolescents (15-19 years old), including 75 percent of the thyroid carcinomas, 80 percent of the melanomas, 63 percent of the nasopharyngeal carcinomas, and 74 percent of the other and unspecified carcinomas.
According to a study by the Muscular Dystrophy Campaign, in the United Kingdom, 1 of every 3500 males is born with Duchenne disorder. It obviously occurs by a mutation on a genetic code. It is found to be caused by a defective gene for dystrophin, which is a protein within the
Tourette syndrome is a common neurological movement disorder onset that affects children in the childhood between the ages of five and ten average (7) years old. Tourette syndrome is diagnosed after a doctor verifies that a patient had motor and vocal tics for at least a year. “Evidence from twin and family studies suggests that Tourette syndrome is an inherited disorder. “ Tourette syndrome is characterized by several indicators including muscular tics, vocal or phonic tics, disinhibit thoughts, emotional differences including difficulties in emotional regulation, obsessive compulsions and rituals. The characteristics and frequency of the indicators can change throughout a “Touretter’s” life time.
Ependymomas can normally be found next to or within the ventricular system,while anaplastic ependymomas are most commonly found in the brain in adults and in children it is commonly found in the lower back part of the skull. It is not normally found in the spinal cord(Ependymomas). Ependymomas is described as being a soft, grayish or red tumor that can contain cysts or mineral clacifications(Ependymomas). This tumor is rare in adults it is about two to three percent of primary brain tumors. They are though the sixth most common brain tumor in children and
Although sudden death can occur, the average life span of people with Rett syndrome is more than 50 years. They usually need care and assistance throughout their lives. Rett syndrome in boys who have the genetic mutation that causes Rett syndrome are affected in more devastating ways. A lot of them die before birth or in early childhood. There is a very small number of boys that have a less destructive form of Rett syndrome.
According to the Lupus Foundation of American 1.5 million Americans have some kind of form of Lupus. (Robinson, 2011). Some of these Americans may have some symptoms, and some may not even know they have it. Lupus is more commonly found in young women aging between eight and thirty. It is believed that most results are from both genetic and environmental stimuli (Bernknopf, 2011).