S7 also highlights the importance of the conscription crisis, which can be argued to be a result of British ignorance, or the manipulation and stirring up by the revolutionary party Sinn Fein which also had a key role in the conflict. Finally it can also be argued that other factors were involved, which allowed the Irish conflict to be triggered, such as the failure of Home Rule and the breakdown of the IPP particularly during the Ulster Crisis, and after the Easter Rebellion of 1914. To an extent, it can be argued that the main cause of the Anglo-Irish conflict of 1919-21 was nationalist extremism. Hepburn asses that 'their [extremists] first opportunity' arose during the Ulster Crisis, in events such as the Larne gun-running incident April 1914, which ultimately resulted a race between extreme nationalists and Ulster Unionists to become armed . The source describes how the extremists then spiralled
How successful was David Lloyd George and the British Government in dealing with the Irish question in 1918 – 1922? David Lloyd George and the British Government faced many issues during the years between 1918 – 1922. After having to postpone the Irish Home Rule Bill 1912 due to WW1, it left DLG and the British Government in a sticky situation once the war ended. Ireland was on the verge of a huge Civil War and they knew that it had to be resolved very soon. Despite this issue, DLG and the British Government set in place a range of Acts and treaty’s in order to successfully resolve this issue.
To what extent did the Liberals, Conservatives, IPP, the Ulster Unionists and the Southern achieve their political objectives during the Home Rule crisis of 1912-14? During the third Home Rule bill crisis of 1912-1914 there was many differing objectives among those who lived in Ireland and those in Westminster who governed Ireland. The Liberal Party and the Irish Parliamentary Party, otherwise known as the IPP, wanted Home Rule for all of Ireland. However the Conservative Party and Ulster and Southern Unionists wanted to prevent Home Rule completely. Home Rule for Ireland meant that an Independent Irish Parliament would stand in Dublin to govern Irish affairs, still having an Irish representation in Westminster, whilst Westminster would govern all issues to do with the crown, defence and imperial government.
While Madison supported a strong central government, he also helped implement what are common separations of power and checks and balances. Originally a Federalist and author of many of the Federalist Papers along with colleagues such as John Jay and Alexander Hamilton, Madison was not only a scholar but a statesman that saw the dangers of a hard, ridged stance for federal government. Madison feared the likelihood of each state in the Confederacy having its own monetary systems and laws. He feared that bankruptcy from one state might seep to the next with a catastrophic result. He held a firm stance against treason and sedition.
Do you agree with the view that Asquith was responsible for the difficulties in resolving the Home Rule Crisis of 1912-1914? The sources we have been given, present a series of different views and different pieces of evidence that suggest Asquith was responsible for the difficulties in resolving the Home Rule crisis of 1912-14 and that he was not other factors are presented that state otherwise. Asquith was all for home rule however some of these sources suggest that his slow moving approach was to blame for the home rule crisis. Source 7 clearly agrees with the view that Asquith was responsible for the difficulties with resolving the Home Rule crisis. The source is from a modern book named ‘Britain and Ireland, from Home Rule to Independence’ and so you could argue the source is to be given some validity however given that it is a modern text you could question some of the information it presents as it is not a primary source of information.
Additionally there were developments that occurred without war, which illustrates that involvement in war was not the only cause for change. Therefore war was an important catalyst and factor to significant changes but was not the sole cause of change. The war that caused most change was Word War One due to its role in the February revolution in 1917 and the fall of the provisional government in the October revolution. The defeats of the war dwindled support from liberals and Octobrists for the Tsarist regime, which was further worsened by criticism from organisations including the Central War Industries committee and the union of Zemstva. This formed support and reason for the Progressive Bloc.
Between 1912 and 1914 Ireland went through many situations that lead onto disatrious concequences. But was these crisis' in irish affairs a result of the mishandling of the liberal leader Asquith? The 5 sources are all from different authors however they do not agree with the majority of the sources leaning towards the fact that it was nit Asquiths mishandling of events thats caused the problems in Ireland. Source A does not support the interpretation that a crisis arose in irish affairs mainly as a result of Asquiths mishandling of events. The source is a spreech said by Andrew Bonar Law who was the irish unionist leader and this speech was at the house of commons and reported in 'The Times' which was an extermely conservative newspaper.
Similarly Source K exhibits the hatred Ulster Unionists felt towards Home Rule as they ‘would resort to force’ to ensure their prosperity was not compromised by a terrorists wishes to become independent. The media displayed negative views to Parnell also, Source R indicates how publications like The Times linked Parnell to Fenianism, ‘series of articles on ‘Parnelism and Crime’. Being associated with Parnell made Gladstone’s struggle for Home Rule harder, perhaps the reasons the 1886 Bill failed both houses but the 1893 Bill made it through Common’s as Parnell’s involvement in Home Rule had dramatically decreased in the years beforehand. The split in the Liberal party meant internally the party had opposition indicating that while divided amongst themselves there was no chance to defeat the conservative dominated House of Lords. Overall numerous factors contributed to the downfall of both Bills but the main reason inevitably was the immediate rejection to the Bill by the Conservatives as it opposed what they believed so neither Parnell or Gladstone could
What were the principal obstacles to the Northern Ireland peace process between 1991 and 1998? The Peace Process was the coming together of the Irish and British governments, as well as the unionist and loyalist parties of Northern Ireland, the IRA (Irish Republican Army) and Loyalist paramilitary groups, to put an end to the violence which had taken over all aspects of life in the North of Ireland and had spread to Britain. This violence was known as The Troubles. The Troubles were an infamous series of sectarian events that are world renowned, which took place in Northern Ireland between the late 1960’s and 1990’s; although many argue that the violence is still on-going. The violence incurred between the Protestant/Loyalist majority who wanted to remain a part of the United Kingdom and the Catholic/Nationalist minority who believed they were being discriminated against and wanted to reunite with the rest of Ireland.
W.B Yeats eloquently described the very essence of Fenianism as ‘the kind of historical crisis which produces literature because it produces passion’[1] The Fenian movement was first borne abroad in the United States of America. The name for the Fenians derived from the age old Irish warriors ‘the Fianna’. Two men, John O’Mahoney and Michael Doheny led this group in 1848, a movement dedicated to reform and the expression of utmost hostility towards Great Britain. By 1858 the movement was in the process of being organised and formed in Ireland with the aid of leadership under James Stephens. A prominent figure in the Irish Fenian circle was O’Donovan Rossa, the founder of the phoenix society.