Anne Oakley argues that we still live in a patriarchal (male dominated) society, and therefore women occupy a subordinate and dependant role within the family and wider society. Overall it could therefore be argued that rather than partners becoming more equal, women now have to carry a ‘dual burden’, whereby she is responsible for two jobs of unpaid or paid labour. Factors such as patriarchy and conforming to a gender script will lead to these divisions. It could be argued that the money management within a family has an effect on the
Unfortunately the recent report tells us that only by 2095 we can achieve the full gender equality on the workplace. However, of course, we could try and shorten that time. It is obviously important to have not only males in the business world, because this way we miss out on many opportunities that women could bring to the world, due to the different perception of values. When for example men are driven by mostly material success, women tend to build up relationships and friendly environment on the workplace. However, sometimes emotions and nurturing can affect the business in a negative manner.
Women have come a long way in American society. Women have always been discriminated against, in both a sociological and political point of view, and it can still be seen happening today’s society, but to a lesser extent than before. The “glass ceiling effect” is one of the major ways we can see discrimination against women in the American society today; the glass ceiling is a barrier preventing further advancements and promotions in a profession, generally against women and minorities. Women are generally stuck at a low level position in their occupation and must overcome discriminatory barriers when trying to get a promotion. Men have dominated the top level jobs, as most CEO’s and upper management are men, while women are stuck on the lower
August 7, 2011 JUS 110- Crime and Criminology Critical Feminist Theory VS Grauwiler and Mills A critical feminist views gender inequality as stemming from unequal power of men and women in a capitalist society, which leads to the exploitation of women by fathers and husbands. Under this system women are considered a commodity worth possessing like land or money. (Siegel 2010) In knowing this view we know that men feel that they have power over women since they are generally stronger they take advantage of this and try to control the women in their lives. Many times the control that they have over women is abusive. It is a known cultural difference that men usually dominate the world.
One nagging sociological concern in America is the gender gap in the workforce. This by default includes class and ethnicity dilemmas. Unlike any other time period in history, women have entered the workforce and have in some measure advanced into positions of authority and power, even over other men. The question is raised then, how do women fare in the workforce. More specifically: 1.
Unequal opportunities for financial independence through work or through setting up businesses. Unequal access to education and the opportunity to develop personal ambitions, interests and talents; share responsibility for the home and children. Where women are subject to coercion, intimidation and gender-based violence both at work and at home and is not dealt with effectively. Many different factors can lead to gender inequality including: Culture, Status, Education, Birth ratios, Health, Employment, Empowerment, Life expectancy, Family size, Migration, Legal rights and Land tenure. Culture can lead to gender inequality due to the the inherited ideas, beliefs, values and knowledge which constitutes the shared bases of social action.
Discrimination is highly discouraged in the workplace and perpetrators of such inhuman acts are subject to criminal offences. In several occasions, unfairness involving age and sex have led to people quitting their jobs as well as engaging in unlawful acts. Furthermore, diverse cases of discrimination have been observed in several places of work. First and foremost is the prevalence of sex discrimination against women. Since men are the most principal stature in the current society, they are therefore entitled to additional jobs, contrary to their female counterparts.
Employers who engaged in unfair hiring practices attempted to justify making discriminatory hiring decisions for several reasons. Some employers believed women lacked the skills and qualifications necessary to perform nontraditional and higher-paid positions simply because of gender. Other employers who hired or promoted women into supervisory or management positions prevented those women from attaining higher-level roles, which is referred to as the "glass ceiling." The glass ceiling is a metaphor used to describe a barrier where the targeted group--in this case, women--can see the higher rungs on a career ladder but are prevented from attaining more responsible and influential positions due to discrimination based on sex and business decisions that convey the message that men are more suited to leadership roles. This is evidenced by a study in 2003 conducted by University of California-Hayward professor Dr. Richard Drogin who discovered "women make up 72 percent of Wal-Mart's total workforce, but only 33 percent of its managers."
A patriarchy is defined as a system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it. Such systems currently exist in several forms and areas around the world; however, the most common place for these patriarchies is in our literature. Men are distorted by patriarchy both in being socially labeled as aggressive but, also shamed as they look into the mirror and see themselves. Shakespeare uses polarizing examples of feminism in Hamlet. He depicts women as completely sexual creatures and also devalues women in the eyes of men.
Women are more often target of sexism; men can be victims of sexist assumptions. Examples of sexism directed against men are the assumption that men should not be employed in certain female dominated occupations, such as a nurse or elementary school teacher. The belief is that somehow more harmful for families when female soldiers are killed in battle than male soldiers. Sexism is interwoven with patriarchy- a hierarchical system of social organization in which men control cultural, political and economic structures. By contrast, matriarchy is the hierarchical system of social organization in which women control cultural political and economic structures; however few (if any) societies have been organized in this manner.