Direct Effect Essay

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STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY 11 October 2007 Faculty of Law Master thesis THE DOCTRINE OF HORIZONTAL DIRECT EFFECT IN EC LAW AND THE CASE OF ANGONESE by Jacob Öberg TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE .................................................................................................................................. 4 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Purpose and research questions ......................................................................................... 7 1.2 Delimitations ..................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Methodology and material.................................................................................................. 9 2. THE CONCEPT OF HORISONTAL DIRECT EFFECT .................................................. 12 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Direct effect and direct applicability of community law.................................................... 12 2.3 Horizontal direct effect or vertical direct effect ................................................................ 16 2.4 Vertical direct effect of directives ..................................................................................... 18 2.5 Horizontal direct effect of directives ................................................................................ 20 3. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 39 OF THE EC TREATY TO PRIVATE PARTIES ........ 25 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 25 3.2. The Walrave case

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