Digital Photography Essay

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Christopher Stewart 4/2/13 Digital Photography Review & Critical Thinking Questions 1. What is a pinhole camera? How do we know that these devices existed before the nineteenth century? A pinhole camera has no lens and is the simplest form of a camera. It consists of a light-tight box that has a single hole in one side. Light passes through the hole and creates an inverted image on the opposite side of the box. The Greek philosopher Aristotle, for example, described a pinhole camera in about 330 BC when he questioned how the image of the sun in the box remained circular even when the hole in the box was square. 2. Who created the first photograph? How was this done? In the 1820s, the first picture or photograph was produced by a French inventor, Joseph Nicephore Niepce. Niepce used a pewter plate and a substance known as bitumen of Judea. 3. What is a calotype? What happens in this process? Calotype, which was used of paper coated with silver iodine. This process involved sensitizing paper with a silver salt solution and exposing it to light. This created a negative image of the object or person, which could then be used to create contact prints where the light and shadows were reversed to show the image. 4. What was the Kodak Brownie? it was intended to be a camera that could be used by anyone, not just by professionals with technical knowledge. 5. What did Richard Maddox invent? Why was this important? Richard Maddox developed a way to use gelatin instead of glass for the negatives. This allowed photographers to develop a dry plate technique rather than the wet plates of the collodion process. This change would be a turning point in photography, as it meant that a darkroom tent did not need to be used with the camera and the process of exposure and negatives was much less cumbersome. 6. Where did the technology for digital images

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