Unit 4, P2 Leah-Faith Giles Understand the potential effects of life factors and events on the development of the individual. Life Factors Within each living cell in the human body, there is a nucleus, with 23 pairs of chromosomes inside it. For each pair of chromosomes one comes from the mother, and another pair from the father. These chromosomes carry units of inheritance called genes. These genes carry the instructions to build a new person; they are made up of a substance called deoxyribonucleic acid, commonly known as DNA.
Unit 4 Case Study 2. Skin Cancer Angela Smith Genetics is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics. Skin cancer is a malignant neoplasm of the skin. Heredity is a biological process where a parent passes certain genes onto their children or offspring. Every child inherits genes from both of their biological parents and these genes in turn express specific traits.
Bio 1102 Human Biology Key Terms to Know Linkous gene a section of dna that codes for a specific protien genes instructions for building a certain protein dominant allele that is present in genotype is always expressed phenotype the way a gene is expressed genotype the genetic make up of an organism What is the normal number of times mammalian cells double/divide? 60-70 artery thick walls, high blood pressure, move blood away from the heart tolerance •Involves down-regulation and enzymes ▫The liver releases enzymes into the blood stream to break down substance X ▫When substance X is constantly introduced into the body: –The liver produces more enzymes –The cells (typically brain) make less receptor
The hereditary units that controls cellular structure and directs cellular activity. Transcription 3. a. Define transcription. The process where an mRNA copy of one side of DNA gene is made in the nucleus. b.
Abdominal pain and abdominal cramping is caused the inflammation of the walls and eventually thickens the walls with scar tissue and leads to cramping. Mild Crohn’s causes moderate intestinal discomfort and in more severe cases, can cause nausea and vomiting. Blood in the stool is caused by food being moved from the digestive tract through the inflamed tissue. The bleeding might be notices as bright red directly in the toilet or darker red blood that is mixed into the stool. Crohn’s also causes small sores or ulcers on the surface of the intestines that eventually penetrate into the intestinal walls.
In this way genes program the basis of our biology. Our body shape and size, as well as our behaviour are caused by the interaction of our biology with broader environmental factors. A human being is the result of the interaction of genes and the environmental influences they are exposed to. The maturation theory- what is it? Some aspects of development, such as the ability to speak a first language, are the thought to be due to an in built genetic process.
Typically a bezoar is made up of hair (trichobezoar), fibers or seeds of vegetables and fruits (phytobezoar), or remnants of milk (lactobezoar) and stones (lithobezoar) but can be of any undigested material. Patients often present with cramping and belly pain which may be constant or may come and go. Large bowel obstruction will create pain at or below the umbilicus. There is often vomiting and constipation with a lack of gas passage. The belly is typically bloated with a large, hard feeling.
Fistulas are abnormal connections between different parts of the intestine or another organ. The development of internal fistulas, may allow food to bypass areas of the bowel where absorption occurs. External fistulas can lead to drainage of bowel contents to the skin. Some fistulas may become infected and form abscesses, a life-threatening
Describe the possible short-term and long-term effects on health of these eating disorders. Eating disorder 1: Short-term effects include: emaciation and malnourishment, weakness and tiredness, fine hair grows on the body, dehydration and depression. For long-term effects we can include: kidney damage, anaemia, brittle bones, low
The pain can occur around or below the belly button. • Vomiting. • Bloating. • Constipation and a lack of gas, if the intestine is completely blocked. • Diarrhea, if the intestine is partly blocked.