3. Return to the main Endocrine System homepage and click on the Pituitary Gland. a. The pituitary produces several hormones that regulate various parts including other endocrine glands. This rather large role earns it the “master gland” nickname.
PSY 3200 Childhood Development Each of us develops partly like all other individuals, partly like some other individuals, and partly like no other individuals, most of the time our attention is directed to an individual’s uniqueness. But as humans, we have all traveled some common paths (Santrock 2011). Biological Processes Biological processes produce changes in an individual’s physical nature. Genes inherited from parents, the development of the brain, height and weight gains, changes in motor skills, nutrition, exercise, the hormonal changes of puberty, and cardiovascular decline are all examples of biological processes that affect development (Santrock, 2011). In early to late childhood we can begin with the most obvious of the
At 4 months of gestation, the testosterone leads to the development of the external male sex organs. If testosterone is not present, female external genitalia develop. However, there is a rare condition, known as complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, in which genetic males are insensitive to the male hormones and do not develop male genitalia. They are born looking like girls and are often brought up as girls because the condition is not usually detected until puberty when they fail to menstruate. Internally, there is a short blind-ending vagina but no uterus, fallopian tubes or
They may have not been as active as the other children, or had a lower BMR and other genetic things going on. Q #3: While growing, Mickey and Jim were overweight. How could this affect their current weights? They may have increased the number and size of their fat cells when they were younger, which made it much easier to gain weight as adults. Also, they didn’t seem to have the healthiest eating habits as children and that may have carried over into their adult years.
Therefore, the focus should be more on the diet of the child rather than exercising. It is very good to exercise daily, but in this case, laziness is not the main culprit in child obesity. All these variables that have been stated have consequences that lead to obesity amongst children. The psychological result of an obese child is lower self-esteem, a negative body image, and an overall unfavorable social health. A child who is dealing with overweight or obesity more than likely have bad experiences with other children
By age 1 they will have developed more detail in what they can see so will be able to tell the difference between given food and given a play toy. They are also much more independent as beings and should be able to sit alone and will begin pushing themselves off of objects into a standing position but their balance will not sufficient enough for them to be walking just yet. This however, will develop further over the next year because by age 2 most infants will be able to walk and will be feeding themselves. They will also have begun making marks on paper and will begin to show their preferred hand. At this age they will also enjoy picture book as being read to.
Equally, REM is also important in the functions of sleep. This is shown through new-born babies spending 8 hours of their day REM sleep which is higher than any other age group in humans; i.e. babies have around 4 hours a day in REM whereas adults have around 2 hours a day. This is due to humans being born ‘immature’ (not born with neurotransmitter connections in brain) thus requiring rapid brain growth. Animals that are born mature, like dolphins never sleep in REM because they don’t need this brain growth, illustrating a link between neural development and restoration and REM sleep.
(After Heird et al, Journal of Pediatrics, 1972; 80: 351-372.) High nutritional demands for growth | | The nourishment children require, per unit body size, is greatest in infancy (Table 12.1), because of their rapid growth during this period. At 4 months of age, 30% of an infant's energy intake is used for growth, but by 1 year of age this falls to 5%, and by 3 years to 2%. The risk of growth failure from restricted energy intake is therefore greater in the first 6 months of life than in later childhood. Even small but recurrent deficits in early childhood will lead to a cumulative deficit in weight and height.
As the genetic program within the cells of the body unfolds, important characteristics emerge that will set the stage for the newborn baby's emergence into the world. At the same time, the world around the developing child exerts its influence on growth, and, at critical points, can alter the way these genetic characteristics are expressed. Our exploration begins where this process culminates, at birth, where who we are and will ultimately become is a life-long endeavor. Psychological Stress and Physical
Genes are activated at appropriate times during development. In the womb genes interact with hormones in the environment to signal a start of a new developmental phase. The genes and the environment must be in sync for normal development. For an example if someone has the genes to b tall might not be as tall because the proper nutrition was not provided. Nurture refers to your childhood and how you were brought up.