The movement towards socialism in the 1920’s for example becomes the totalitarian state, the growth in materialism transforms into a form of religion- where humans are mass produced and henry ford is god- and depicts the end of the traditional and familiar life which becomes a strange and sterile modern state. This in turn shows how the stability people were craving would result in the depravation of humanity, beauty and love and that this craved perfect world is an achievement that requires too great a sacrifice. The 1930’s also brought a new questioning of morality, especially regarding sex. The traditional Victorian values were being challenged and whilst society was split; some condemning it as the end of civilisation and others the beginning of individual freedom Huxley uses the issue to shock, mocking the trend in his novel with the depiction of ‘erotic play’ between children, and the image of Lenina being scolded for not being promiscuous enough, implying that whilst the sexual rules may well change the conventions will remain the same just in reverse. Furthermore Huxley purposely used the names of historical and political figures, who serve as inspiration for the main characters.
Moore is a popular figure in the American media for his work, which includes the documentaries "Fahrenheit 9/11" and "Bowling for Columbine." "Idiot Nation" appears in Moore's book "Stupid White Men...and Other Sorry Excuses for the State of the Nation!" first published in 2001. In this essay, Moore critiques the state of American education and how he believes the nation has become ignorant, an "idiot" state of mind, like he likes to call it. Moore believes that politicians, from state legislatures to the President, prefer to fund projects and war efforts while cutting funding to educational things.
Speakers who use facts generally have more validity to their arguments that persuade people. First, Antony explains how Caesar’s military strengths brought many captives to Rome, and because of the high ransoms that they had to pay Caesar for their survival, Caesar improved the empire’s economy and treasury. So, he made the economy better; he did not steal and add money to his own personal use. Antony manages to portray Caesar as a good leader who should have earned the senators’ respect and loyalty. A great leader such as Caesar brings money to the city to help the economy prosper.
New groups like merchants and townsmen gained in stature and wealth. The balance of power had moved definitively, and in many ways the Middle Ages set the tone for the travails of the Early Modern period and the regicidal civil war that nearly tore the country apart. So, what forces caused these enormous changes? To suggest that this was all brought about chiefly by economic pressures is naïve. A multiplicity of factors worked together to fashion this new political order.
In order to achieve this a production revolution of sorts took place in many advanced economies, countries shifted from Fordism to Post-Fordism. Fordism was based upon Henry Ford's use of production lines and mass production. This model de-skilled the workers involved and made flexibility on the production lines difficult. During the early 1960's a larger range of products were being demanded which meant that companies were losing profits as they could not keep up with demand due to the inflexible production process. The changes which came with the adoption of Post-Fordism were largely implemented to increase flexibility on the production line and consequently boost profits, as Mitchell stated “Post-Fordism has been portrayed as a
Source 1, would strongly support the statement, as it aggressively attacks the church and its actions. It describes how the church uses their influence over its devout followers, for its own gain. For example it describes its rigidness and strictness over its followers “poor wives must be accountable for every tenth egg or be taken as a heretic” and how it exploits and finances followers may have “What money they pull in by their fees, for wills and testaments pilgrimages and first masses!” This would imply that the church is indeed exploiting the faith of its followers to increase its own wealth, as it shows, especially in the second quote, how the church used its influence and power to persuade its followers to give money at every opportunity. We know that at the time, many followers of the church were uneducated, and unable to read or write, so often relied on the church for guidance, and could be easily pushed into doing something by a supposedly “more educated” and “morally superior” member of the clergy. This would contradict source 2, which gives a much rosier account of the church, its actions, and the clergy during the same period.
Macionis and Plummer (1997) highlighted the ability of new fertility treatments to allow family structures that were previously available, such as IVF. New Right theorists believe that family diversity is the result of a decline in traditional values. They see it as a threat to the traditional nuclear family and blame it for antisocial behaviour and crime. Murray (1989) suggests that single mother families are a principle cause of crime and social decay, because of their lack of a male role model and authority figure in the home. The New Right believe that state benefits should be cut and social policy targeted to discourage family diversity and promote marriage and the nuclear family.
Additionally the reintroduction of classical works encouraged the search for forgotten knowledge, whilst the creation of the printing press enabled works to be mass produced and allowed knowledge to spread effectively. A further catalyst of the Renaissance was the rise of wealthy patrons, who gave interest, support and encouragement to people to “break free from the bonds of medieval thinking”. Trade played an integral role at the beginning of the Renaissance. Addy suggests that the start of the Renaissance was marked by peace, which allowed countries to increase their wealth and trade. Italian city-states like Venice and Genoa were located on the trade routes that linked the rest of Western Europe with the East; it is therefore “no coincidence that both these city-states became active trading centres”.
This will force its citizens to find serenity through various coping mechanisms such as maligning the people in power and seeking solace through dreams, memories and voices. Through the application of Marxism, sexism and religion is shown to be used by the ruling class to make their plebs feel hopeless enough to survive by slipping into dreams and criticizing the upper classes. This will result in rebellion of a sort, where people who are powerless to actively rebel, do so by other means. In Saint Joan, this is shown in two methods. Firstly, rhetoric is used to show how the Archbishop considers himself as a god for the lower classes, and how the lower classes deal with this kind of class oppression by quietly slandering him when they can.
“Religion has not declined it has merely changed its form” Explain and discuss this statement. (33 marks) The decline of religion is known as secularisation. Wilson defined the process of secularisation as when religious thinking, practices and institutions decline and lose their social significance. The decline in the power of the church from the early 1900’s to the present is one of the major indications for some sociologists that society is becoming more secular and that religion and its power is declining. Where once there was only religion to explain the immediate world, now there is the concept of rationalisation as Weber suggested where science, technology and global media help to build an idea of why and how things happen away from religion and its beliefs based on magic and the supernatural.