Controlled The controlled variables of the experiment were: A. The volume and concentration of the Hydrochloric acid. B. The concentration of the Sodium Hydroxide. Equipment List * Boiling Tube * 10 cm3 1mol dm-3 Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) * 15 cm3 1mol dm-3 Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) * pH and Temperature Probes * Data Logger * Measuring Cylinder ‘ * Boiling Tube * Teat Pipette Method * Add 10ml of Hydrochloric acid, measured in a measuring cylinder, into a boiling tube.
Stir very slowly with a stirring rod and record the highest temperature reached by the water in Data Table 2. 10. Remove the calorimeter lid, retrieve and dry the metal. Return metal to its original place. Pour the water down the sing.
Due to this, the reaction takes place in acidic conditions by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to the solution. The sulfuric acid protonates the alcohol group in triphenylmethanol. The ether is formed when the carbocation reacts with methanol to form trityl methyl ether. H3O + + CH3OH Triphenylmethanol Trityl Methyl Ether Procedure: Approximately 0.1g of triphenylmethanol crystals was placed into a reaction tube and grinded to fine powder with a glass rod. 1ml of concentrated H2SO4 was then added to the tube and the solution was continuously stirred to dissolve all the triphenylmethanol.
Conclusion: The purpose of this experiment is about the synthesis and characterization of aspirin. Salicylic acid and acetic anhydride will be mixed to produce acetylsalicylic acid and acetic acid. The catalyst is H3PO4. After crystallization, the aspirin was filtered using a vacuum filtration system and dried in an oven. A melting point will be ran on the aspirin when completely dry.
Gently stir the pellets until the acid is dissolved by shaking the the apparatus. Lift the calorimeter lid and wash out its contents and the thermometer. Repeat this experiment using 50.0 mL of 1.0M acetic acid. Repeat experiment using 25.0 mL of each 2.0M sodium hydroxide and 2.0M acetic acid. Data Table(s): Reaction equation Mass of solid NaOH Initial Temp.
This is a neutralization reaction between a strong acid and strong base. Therefore the heat of reaction (∆H2) is called as the heat of neutralization of HCl and NaOH solutions. The ∆H2 calculated from this experiment is -6.6944KJ/mol. This is because the enthalpy changes when one mole of H+ ions from an acid (HCl) reacts with one mole of OH- from an alkali (NaOH) to form one mole of water molecules under the stated conditions of the experiment. In the final reaction of the experiment (Part C), solid NaOH will react with an aqueous solution of HCl.
To obtain the caffeine, the methylene chloride was removed from the extract, leaving us with our solid caffeine residue. Sublimation: We purified our solid caffeine through sublimation. By constructing a side-arm test tube apparatus, we vaporized and condensed the caffeine using a Bunsen burner. Upon cooling, the apparatus was carefully disassembled and the sublimed caffeine was scraped off of the test-tube collection surface and weighed. The melting point range was then determined by utilizing a melting point apparatus.
Introduction The purpose of this lab is to determine the normality of an unknown base using a volumetric titration. The volumetric titration used for this experiment consisted of a standard acid called potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHC8H4O4) titrated with a weak unknown base. An acid-base indicator called phenolphthalein is used in order to view the reaction proceeding to completion. The indicator allows visualization of the acid changing colour when the solution has reached the end point. The normality of the unknown base is calculated after the solution has reached the end point.
Second, methyl benzoate is added to form a new carbon-carbon sigma bond. The intermediate magnesium alkoxide will then be hydrolyzed to form tertiary alcohol product. Experimental Procedure: Part A: Preparing the Grignard reagent • I placed 1.98 grams of magnesium turnings into a cleaned 250mL round-bottom flask and then attached the calcium chloride drying tube into the round-bottom flask • Then, I placed this flask onto a heating mantel and adjust the controller to setting ‘6’. This flask is heated until it was too hot to touch. • After the flask was heated, I removed it from the heating mantel and allowed it to cool to room temperature.
McGraw-Hill companies, Inc.) Although sulfuric acid served as the acid in the reaction, it is also the catalyst in the over-all reaction. Water, attached to N, is good leaving group so it is eliminated to form the nitronium ion. The ppt was further recrystallized and purified. It was first dissolved in hot dH2O and then hot gravity filtration was performed. Many insoluble substances were isolated and cream in color.