Decentralisation Essay

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DECENTRALISATION: AN INSTRUMENT FOR LOCAL DEVELOPMENT With only a few weaknesses that may not overweigh the strengths, decentralisation is a tool for local level development. Decentralisation is defined as ‘a process of devolving political, fiscal, and administrative powers to sub-national units of government’ (Burki, Perry & Dillinger 1999:3) while Local development may be seen as a method which helps improving quality of life, supporting or accelerating empowerment of ordinary people, or preserving local assets, overcoming market failures; strengthening, cohesion and defining and delivering grassroots development projects (DG REGIO: CCIn.2009.CE.16.0.AT.081). The process of decentralisation creates local government institutions. Local government is “government at local level established by law in defined sub-national areas where elected representatives exercise specific powers on behalf of the people within those areas” (Chiweza, Local government in Patel, N., & Svasand, L. 2007:138). Decentralisation operates as a tool for local development through sub-units of the nation such as local government. Proponents of decentralization often argue that it promotes allocative and productive efficiency in provision and use of public services, improves governance and political accountability and provides a more efficient governing vehicle for advancing pro-poor policies (Barret, Mude & Omiti 2007:1). Through this milieu of local sub-national units, decentralisation becomes a tool for democratization, social integration, poverty-reduction, promotion of sustainable human development and good governance, amongst other issues when it is supported by political will and effective and efficient management. Thus, decentralisation achieves local development through efficiency and effectiveness, political education, its ability to promote accountability, advancing participation

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