Even Lloyd George, who took a much tougher political approach towards the reparations, received criticism. Also, at the beginning of the period, Keynes was unsuccessful and his view of the Treaty of Versailles had very little influence at all. However, there was an acceptance during the 1920s that the Weimar Republic, a new democratic Germany, had emerged. There was perhaps, a realisation that the permanent peace of Europe should be based on mutually accepted agreements. In addition, the British governments under Prime Ministers such as Lloyd George, Bonar Law, Baldwin and
However despite this, these conservative elites had both positive and negative impacts on German politics. Conservative parties included DNVP (German National People’s Party), DVP (German Conservative Party) and the Nazi Party, and the conservative elites included the judiciary, the army, the education system, the bureaucracy, industry, the police and agriculture. Conservative elites had a major impact on German politics in the period 1918-1934. The establishment of a Democracy was at best tolerated by conservative elites of Germany who had always blamed the democracy for the loss of war and the Treaty of Versailles in what became known as the “stab in the back” legend. Despite this, the German army established a reluctant acceptance of the democracy through the Ebert-Groener Pact of 1919.
Whereas what works best for the German culture is a multi party dual executive form of government where a majority of the power is located in the chancellor and the other branches are not quite as important but still serve their rolls to help the government to move forward. Ultimately, the distinguishing features of the two governments may seem small but they are actually quite significant and are the result of the two nations drastic difference in the way their relative histories progressed. The American presidential system is the result of the breaking away from the Great Britain; and the German presidential system is a direct result of the fall of Hitlers Nazi Germany. Both forms of democracy rose as a solution to tyranny and oppression and consequently produced two of the worlds front running
Germany was still a very young country in the 20th century, as it only became unified in 1871 it was unknown whether they would succeed or fail as a country after their initial success against France. The unification of states lead to a constitution, which was created by Otto von Bismark, whose main aim, was to preserve the power of the elite in Germany. This meant that the Kaiser was given a large amount of power over the people, shown by the fact he had complete control over the Reichstag and the Chancellor. Although, there were signs of democracy taking place through the creation of the Bundesrat and Reichstag, which would argue against an authoritarian monarchy, the political structure was unclear and the two parliaments had limited power. The Kaiser of Germany, who was the King of Prussia, could be the main reason why Germany was conceived as an authoritarian monarchy, due to the Kaiser having such a powerful constitutional position that no-one could challenge him.
Account for the successes and failures of democracy in Germany in the period 1918–1933 The democracy in Germany from 1918 to 1933, the Weimer Republic, is considered as both successful and unsuccessful. The democracy system in Germany was chaotic when it first emerged, but it became relatively stable until it collapsed during the great depression in 1929 and was then taken over by Nazism. Democracy refers to a form of government that is controlled by people and was a condition under the Treaty of Versailles. The success of democracy can be seen through the establishment of the bills of rights and mainly through the Stresemann era. - It was a provisional government formed due to the abdication of the Kaiser.
The Weimar Government, whilst built in opposition to the wartime ideologies, was unable to detach itself from the power of the German military between the years of 1919 and 1934. The Weimar Republic was formed in 1919 after the abdication and exile of Kaiser Wilhelm II left the country leaderless and the Reichstag switched from imperial politics to democratic politics, a form which the German army famously did not support. As such the impact of the German Army upon the Weimar Republic was largely to support their own political – generally right-wing – agendas. This can be directly linked to the interference of military groups and military groups in the political sphere of Weimar Germany. The involvement of the German Army and other military groups in Weimar politics served to strengthen the Republic in the early years but later lead to its downfall.
There were also other key factors such as the ideas of new liberalism, national efficiency, political pragmatism and national security to be taken into consideration of why the government changed its policy. It can be argued that the investigations of Charles Booth and Seebohm Rowntree results into Britain’s poverty were a significant motivating factor behind social reform in the nineteenth century. It revealed the true and mainly unsuspected levels of poverty which the wealthier classes of Britain were unaware of and was difficult to ignore as it was based on hard scientific data that the Victorians admired greatly and not simply an opinion by leading the government by abandoning its policy and adapting a more interventionist approach. The first investigation was conducted by Charles Booth, originally a Liverpool ship owner but by 1889 a London businessman, who doubted the claims of socialists that a quarter of the population lived in extreme poverty. At first he believed that the level of poverty in Britain was limited and could be dealt with by charity.
Through examining these factors this essay intents to argue that popular policies did help the Nazis remain in power to a small extent, however the other factors also were required. The presence of force confirms that Nazi remaining in power did not rely solely on genuine support. On the one hand there is evidence that the Nazis introduced popular social and economic policies which won them support to enable them to stay in power. Most significantly was the drop in unemployment. This dropped from just below 6 million when Hitler came to power to 250,000 in 1938 and had disappeared by 1939.
The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution, which lasted from the 18th through the 19th century, had its positive and negative effects on the world. The many undesirable effects proved to be the reason for the positive results. Many great quantities of advancements and inventions were created during this period of time, which enabled the people to prosper into our current social structure. The Industrial Revolution led to many progressive advancements and inventions. These machines that were invented helped to make work more efficient.
Compare and Contrast Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim on human nature Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim, founding fathers of the Sociology world, both have contributed in many ways it relates to affording a society the opportunity to resolve some of the many ills/ crisis that societies throughout the world faced during their and even nowdays. Despite their indifferent views, both men were interested with the beginning of modern capitalism. Karl Marx was born in Germany whereas Emile Durkheim was born in France; however, they both studied philosophy. Marx aim was to explain capitalism- private properties, separation of labor, capital and landed property, exchange and competition. He argued that capital society and social order are all link to a capital system to human beings.