She gained prominence when she overcame the dismissive attitude of veteran commanders and lifted the siege in only nine days. Several more swift victories led to Charles VII's coronation at Reims and settled the disputed succession to the throne. Down to the present day, Joan of Arc has remained a significant figure in Western culture. From Napoleon onward, French politicians of all leanings have invoked her memory. Famous writers and composers who have created works about her include: Shakespeare (Henry VI, Part 1), Voltaire (The Maid of Orleans poem), Schiller (The Maid of Orleans play), Verdi (Giovanna d'Arco), Tchaikovsky (The Maid of Orleans opera), Mark Twain (Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc), Arthur Honegger (Jeanne d'Arc au bûcher), Jean Anouilh (L'Alouette), Bertolt Brecht (Saint Joan of the Stockyards), George Bernard Shaw (Saint Joan) and Maxwell
She feared that the French planned to invade England and put Mary, Queen of Scots, who was in effect the heir to the English crown, on the throne. Elizabeth offended Mary by proposing her own former suitor, Robert Dudley, as a husband. Instead, in 1565 Mary married Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, and gave birth to a son, James. In 1567, her husband died in a suspicious accident and Mary quickly married the Scottish Earl of Bothwell an action that outraged the Scottish nobility who promptly imprisoned Mary and forced her to abdicate her throne to her one-year-old son, James. The following year Mary escaped from her prison but was forced to flee across the border with England after the defeat of her supporters at the Battle of Langside.
At the age of about 17, Cleopatra became the queen of Egypt. Cleopatra had to overcome her sister Arslinoe’s and her brother Ptolemy’s conspiracy to exile and rid her of the throne, but she ultimately reigned over Egypt until her death at 39 years of age. Hollywood is famous for recreating such dramatic historic events on film and in 1999 the movie
In the words of Tacitus, “she could give her son the empire, but not endure him as emperor”. The “Empire was ruled by a woman” (Grant) as during Nero’s early reign, Agrippina achieved her height of political dominance “ruling through her son” (Scullard) over foreign affairs. This is evidenced through Narcissus and Silanus sentencing to death, without Nero’s knowledge. Nero exemplifies her power by making the first password to the tribune of the watch “optimum mater” translating to ‘best of mothers’. The most damming evidence which supports Agrippina’s power and authority can be seen in the numismatic evidence with silver and gold coins displaying Agrippina and Nero face to face and of equal size on the obverse in 54AD and showing them side to side in 55AD.
For example, in the Act III Prologue, the Chrous requests that the audience gives their imagination free rein: “Play with your fancies and in them behold” (III.Prologue.7) and supplement the performance with their own imaginings: “And eke out our performance with your mind” (III.Prologue.35). Scene changes are made by the Chorus. At the beginning of Act II the Chorus gives the audience an overview of the traveling they will do in Henry V - from London to Southampton, then to France and back to England again. The Act III Prologue tells the audience that “the well-equipped king at Hampton pier” (III.Prologue.4) set sail for Harfleur, France. The audience is taken to Agincourt in Prologue IV.
Although Helen was the most beautiful woman in the world, she was manipulated and deemed secondary to her male counterparts. Helen can be looked at as a woman who had no say so in how she wanted to run her life and was manipulated throughout the years. In the Iliad the Greek Goddess Aphrodite played the key role in controlling Helen. Helen was taken from her husband Meneleus and could not return. Aphrodite being the goddess of love was the one who took Helen from him, and forced her to stay with Paris of Troy, which sparked the Trojan War.
By 1403, Philip of Burgundy commissioned her to write a biography of his father, King Charles V, perhaps influenced by Christine’s famous quarrel with Jean de Montreuil regarding the Romance of the Rose. Begun in the 1230s by Guillaume de Lorris and completed forty years later by Jean de Meun, the work’s treatment of social and moral subject matter prompted Christine to send a letter to Montreuil in response to his praise for the Rose.3 Christine’s opposition to de Meun’s characterization of women, the obscenity he used in the text, and what Christine read as inappropriate usage of representative characters, such as the priest and Reason, led her to call the work “useless” and “dangerous to innocent
With the loss of Calais, England also lost its only home port on the Continent. April 24, 1558 Marriage of Mary queen of Scots to the Dauphin Marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots the Dauphin Francois at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris Summer 1558 The Tudors Timeline - The Tudors Wiki Protestant exile John Knox first published his pamphlet "The first Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women" a diatribe against women rulers as "unnatural" The target of Knox's work were specifically Catholic female monarchs such as Mary Tudor of England and Mary Stuart of France and Scotland. Despite this, and the fact it was written before her reign, Queen Elizabeth I took his claims as a personal insult and denied Knox passage back to his native Scotland in 1559. November 17, 1558 Death of Queen Mary, Princess Elizabeth succeeds her. The transition from Mary to Elizabeth is peaceful.
Upon the ending of the Seven Years' War, tying an alliance between Austria and France became a main priority for Empress Maria Theresa. At the time, the easiest and most effective way to bond two separate countries was by marriage. Soon enough, the son of the French Emperor, Louis XV, passed away, leaving his 11-year-old grandson heir to the throne. Within months, it had been decided that Louis Auguste and Marie Antoinette were to marry. In the years to come, Marie was found to be lazy with a short attention span.
Lifestyles of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette was an Austrian Princess, at age 15, in 1770, to marry the Crown Prince. When they ascended the throne in 1774 she and Prince Louis were still teenagers. Unlike her shy husband, Marie Antoinette was admired for her legendary beauty, grace and elegance and her tastes which set fashion trends in Europe. She took pride in her appearance and in her ancestry as a princess of Hapsburg. Marie Antoinette also attracted gossip for her inability (due to Louis's impotence) to become pregnant and produce an heir to the throne.