Compare and Contrast the Three Major Corporate Governance Approaches

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Layal Zarka IB 500 The Global Economy Final Exam Essay Compare and contrast the three major corporate governance approaches we have studied (shareholder capitalism, stakeholder capitalism, and state ownership). Which system do you think is the best at maximizing long-run economic performance of the firm and why? The Economic Times defines Corporate Governance as a, "set of systems, principles and processes by which a company is governed. They provide the guidelines as to how the company can be directed or controlled such that it can fulfil its goals and objectives in a manner that adds to the value of the company and is also beneficial for all stakeholders in the long term." The stakeholders mentioned in the definition refer to all parties involved with the firm, these could be: the board of directors, management, shareholders to customers, employees, labour unions, etc. That being said, firms employ different corporate governance approaches; these differ due to reasons such as differences in countries' (the country where the firm is located) legal traditions, social and cultural values, and the structure of capital markets in individual countries. The underlying difference in the approaches mentioned is concerned with the amount of emphasis placed on the parties that have an interest in the firm and/or those who contribute to the success (profits) of the firm, or as previously mentioned, the stakeholders. Moreover, there are three distinct approaches or models of corporate governance: shareholder capitalism, stakeholder capitalism, and state ownership. Shareholder capitalism, also known as the Anglo-Saxon model places emphasis on the interests of shareholders, rather than other stakeholders such as employees. In other words, the focus of the firm is on the holders of wealth; those who have invested capital in the firm (shareholders/owners) and put

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