Comment Closely on the Ways in Which Forster Introduces the Novel

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Comment closely on the ways in which Forster introduces the setting of the novel in the opening chapter Forster uses descriptive lexis throughout his novel, but by using the most integral chapter to introduce Chandrapore and the Marabar caves it suggests, to the reader, that they will have significance when the plot begins to unravel. Moreover, Forster’s detailed description of the town shows how the use of anthropomorphism can make the reader perceive objects to become alive when they are isolated. Forster introduces the setting of the novel in the opening chapter, and this alerts the reader that there are 3 contrasting views described in the chapter. It also makes it clear that the town is divided geographically, but this division further emphasises the social divide between the Anglo-Indians and the Indians. ‘Except for the Marabar caves-and they are twenty miles off- the city of Chandrapore presents nothing extraordinary’. The opening sentence instantly presents Chandrapore as an undistinguished Indian town except for the outlying Marabar Caves. The language that Forster uses to describe the town creates the feeling of monotony, vast space and infinity. The separation of the English settlement from the Indian is as distinct in the attitudes of the British as it is in the physical appearance of the houses and grounds. There are three distinctive areas in Chandrapore; the area where the Indians live, the Anglo-Indians’ residence and the caves. Firstly, in the district where the Indians live, Forster quickly suggests that the Indians are inferior to the British as their territory is situated beneath them. ‘There are no bathing-steps on the river front, as the Ganges happens not to be holy here’. With the Indians living as close to the river as possible it reflects their status in society and because they are living by one of the dirtiest rivers in the world,

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