The foodways in America and around the world have drastically changed in the last couple centuries. While some of these changes have had a negative effect on food pathways, many of the changes have made food production more efficient and inexpensive. Five significant changes to the foodways have been the invention of the refrigerated railroad car, the disappearance of the milkman, the microwave, mechanically separated chicken, and genetically modified seeds. One of the most important inventions in the transportation of food is the refrigerated railroad car. This advancement has allowed consumers to receive fresh food and beverages from distant locations without the fear of spoilage.
For its part the New World provided a host of sustaining crops that could be cultivated in Europe, such as potatoes, maize (corn), tomatoes, squashes, and varieties of beans; foods that appealed to European tastes, such as cacao (chocolate), avocados, and chilies; and other products that served a growing demand, such as tobacco, indigo, and cotton. Few New World animals of consequence migrated to Europe during this period, but possibly the venereal disease syphilis first reached Europe from the Americas. Before and since the publication of Crosby’s work, students of European expansion have not neglected his factors but have also pointed to the interregional migration of people and their cultures and metals (iron from Europe and silver and gold from the Americas). The student must discuss the impact of the Columbian exchange on the population and economies of Europe. For example, this might include the effects of transferred food crops on diet and population growth in Europe, potatoes and corn as factors in the agricultural revolution, the economic effect of cane sugar and tobacco production on European economies (e.g., wealth produced by the New World plantation systems for Europe, the stimulation that agriculture gave to international commerce and later industrialization, the need for large-scale labor for sugar
New goods were being brought to each region, with the Americans introducing Europe to tobacco, corn and potatoes. The potato impacted the region greatly with it being easy to grow and non-expensive supplying many low class citizens with a reliable source of food. The Europeans brought
The Columbian Exchange was the widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations, communicable diseases, technology and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres following the voyage to the Americas by Christopher Columbus in 1492, colonization and trade by Europeans in the Americas, and institution of the slave trade in Africa and the Americas. [1]:163 The term was coined in 1972 by Alfred W. Crosby, a historian at the Eastern Maine Community College, in his eponymous work of environmental history. [2][3]:27 The contact between the two areas circulated a wide variety of new crops and livestock, which supported increases in population in both hemispheres. Explorers returned to Europe with maize, potatoes, and tomatoes, which became very important crops in Europe by the 18th century. Similarly, Europeans introduced manioc and peanut to tropical Asia and West Africa, where they flourished and supported growth in populations on soils that otherwise would not produce large yields.
Directions: Write a Free Response Essay answering the following questions: Analyze the effects of the Columbian exchange (the interchange of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World and the New World) on the population and economy of Europe in the period 1550 to 1700 The arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Americas marked the meeting of the previous separate worlds, thus began the columbian exchange. When Christopher Columbus and his crew arrived in the Americas , The Bahamas, on October 1492 the two separate worlds were reunited. After Columbus arrived in Americas the animal, plant, and bacterial life in these two worlds began to mix together. By reuniting the two unknown worlds it had made dramatic and lasting effects on the world. The result of the new bacteria, animal, and plant life mixing caused devastating effects on the Americas and Europeans together.
Transfer of Plants and Animals o Even as the epidemics swept through the indigenous population, the New and Old Worlds were participating in a vast exchange of plants and animals that radically altered diet and lifestyles in both regions. o All the staples of European agriculture [wheat, olives, grapes, garden vegetables], were being grown in the Americas in a remarkably short time after contact. African and Asian crops [rice, bananas, coconuts, breadfruit, sugarcane], were soon introduced as well. o Native peoples remained loyal to their traditional staples, but added many Old World plants to their diet. Citrus fruits,
Later, Columbus traded native food from the Americas such as: corn, potatoes, pineapples, tomatoes, tobacco, beans, vanilla, and chocolate with the old world for wheat, sugar, rice, coffee, horses, cows, and pigs. The horses traded through the Colombian exchange benefited the Indians by making it easier to hunt buffalo, which also impacted the coming of cowboys by initiating war between them. Many American Indians were killed by the cowboys because of the desire for buffalo, though many American Indians also eventually decided to move elsewhere. However, many Indians as well as Americans also died from diseases brought to the new world such as: smallpox, measles, bubonic plague, influenza, typhus, diphtheria, and scarlet fever. Over the years the old world ended up impacting the new world both positively as well as negatively.
Success in these categories allowed Sara Lee to invest and acquire other non-related and related organization to further diversify their portfolio. Because of the diversifying, in terms of products and geography expansion, the company created creating problems for mangers as they were unable to deal with the diversification issue. As a result, a retrenching strategy was put into practice by the company to ensure that every business division was profitable and would close business divisions that were not highly lucrative. After retrenchment, Sara Lee was able to focus on its food and beverage and foodservice industry. The company has successfully used its retail meat unit by selling similar meats to its foodservice customers.
Lot of people has that the factory faming spread diseases to other animals and it is unhealthy. Nonetheless, modern farming stops bad diseases by making the animals healthy. Furthermore, they use clean pesticides, antibiotics, vitamins and fertilizers to produce more and better quality animals. Therefore, costumers could buy meat into lower prices on supermarkets. In addition, promoters of factory farming say that the factory farming helps the economy of a country, creates more jobs, and lower borne illness.
Meat from hunts were considered the bigger prize, but they weren’t always successful. When the men came back empty-handed, the people would rely on plant foods gathered from the women. Both did their part to ensure everyone’s survival. But, then a new era started where societies would rely on nurturing plants and animals. This meant no more moving from place to place.