Causes and spread of infections 1 Understanding the cause of infection Bacteria can be both beneficial and pathogenic. These single cell micro-organisms are tiny living beings, neither plant or animal, that normally exist together in millions and reproduce only asexually. Some of their common illnesses and infections include ear infections, food poisoning, urinary tract infections, diphtheria, bacterial meningitis, gastritis and sinusitis. Viruses differ from bacteria, being coated genetic material and in that they do not reproduce on food, needing a living host to do so. They replicate by invading targeted cells of their host and taking over genetic material responsible for reproduction.
When a virus enters the body, it enters some certain cells and takes over making the now host cell make the parts the virus needs to reproduce, the cells are eventually destroyed through this process. The most common viruses is the common cold, which has no cure. Fungi Mould, yeast and mushrooms are all types of Fungi. Fungi live in the air, water, soil and on plants and they can live in the body, usually without causing illness. Some fungi have beneficial uses.
My bacterial plates did not grow any bacteria because our sterilization may have been eliminated. 2. LB/A/X+: There should have been a colony of bacteria with several splotches of blue because to new bacteria was created with the pBlu gene. LB/A/X-:There should have been bacterial growth because we put bacteria there and fed it. LB+:There should have been bacterial growth but no blue colonies because there was an anti-biotic acting against it.
Bacterial infections are commonly treated with antibiotics. A virus is smaller and more difficult to kill than bacteria. It cannot be treated with antibiotics. A virus needs a living host to replicate and cannot do so outside of a host cell. A virus is a small piece of genetic material that has a protein coating to protect itself.
Virus:-These are smaller than bacteria and need to be in a living host to cell reproduce, the principal way of control is immunisation, antibiotics are not affective against viral infections. The virus infection can cause things like the common cold, respiratory infections, blood born viruses. Fungus:- This is a low form of vegetable life that can cause disease such as thrush or athletes foot. Parasites:- This can also be called infestation which is the presence of a large number of parasites on a host, the parasites rely on the host for survival,, parasites are things like scabies, head lice and worms, they can be combated by washing bedding on a high temperature and a good cleaning routine. Infection:- This is an invasion by and multiplication of pathogenic, micro-organisms in a bodily part or tissue which could cause harm.
Only a few nanograms of these toxins can cause severe illness. All cause flaccid paralysis in the species affected. Toxin is produced in improperly processed, canned, low-acid or alkaline foods, and in pasteurized and lightly cured foods held without refrigeration, especially in airtight packaging. The physiologic mechanism of the neurotoxin is to irreversibly bind at neuromuscular junctions to prevent the release of acetylcholine (Ach). This causes muscular paralysis.
Giardia [jee-ahr-dee-uh, jahr-] is a genus [jee-nuhs] which is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms of anaerobic flagellate [fla-jə-ˌlāt] protozoan in which they are organisms that do not require oxygen for growth with one or more whip-like organelles called flagella in a diverse group of single cell eukaryotic organisms in the super group “Excavata” named for the excavated groove on one side of the cell body. When one eats or drinks contaminated water or food with cysts containing giardia it leads to one that develops a disease known as giardises or Beaver Fever. Giardia’s life cycle alternates between an actively swimming trophozoite and an infective, resistant cyst. There is great biological interest in the organism because of its early evolutionary position. Giardia lacks many of the prominent organelles, such as peroxisomes and mitochondria that are characterisitic of eukaryotic organisms.
Understanding the causes and spread of infection The differences are that bacteria are an organism which produces toxins which grow and then divide. Virus - are smaller than a cell. It can't reproduce outside the cell unlike bacteria, so they invade the cells and inject the genes into the nucleus and creates copies of itself Fungi - causes disease by absorbing nutrients, and producing toxins Bacteria, fungi and viruses are all separate entities and are completely different from each other. Parasites, however, can refer to a number of different things including bacteria, fungi and viruses. A parasite is any organism which lives inside a different organism in a symbiotic relationship in which only the parasite benefits from the symbiosis.
That’s why it’s so important to wash your hands or use hand sanitizer, it grows in numerous places. Also bacteria cells do not contain a cell nucleus and rarely harbor membrane-bound organelles, unlike eukaryotes which they all contain a nucleus. Bacteria has a wide range variety of metabolic types and that is how they are defined using their taxonomy, the three different types are phototrophs (sun light), litotrophs (inorganic compounds), and organotrophs (organic compounds). In the lab we tested our very own bacteria off of our tongue and smeared it on a blood agar plate, sheep blood to be exact. We collect the bacteria from the inside of the mouth and grow them in specially prepared petri dishes.
In practical terms, the only places where microorganisms are not found are places where we intentionally exclude them. For example, microorganisms are usually not found in our blood or cerebrospinal fluid. We invest a lot of energy into immune defenses that keep these fluids sterile (free of microbial contamination) and we get very sick when our immune defenses fail. In silicon wafer manufacturing plants, millions of dollars are spent on “clean rooms” designed to eliminate contamination. In microbiology labs, we expend lots of time and energy sterilizing growth media so that we only grow the microbes that we want to grow.