“Studies suggest a strong correlation between those who seek out child pornography and those would be diagnosed as pedophiles.” (Carlson 27). Carlson goes on to say that if an individual who has pedophilic fantasies and view child pornography is not inhibited in some way they will go after sexual relationships with children outside of the internet. Carlson continues, “These individuals are compelled to commit sex offenses in order to fulfill their incessant sexual fantasies.” McCarthy opposes this view by stating that out of a group of 1,713 sample child pornography offenders 40% were what McCarthy referred to as “dual offenders”; meaning they have committed non-contact crimes as well as contact crimes. (McCarthy 183) McCarthy states in opposition to the previous statements that it is documented that sex offender’s use the internet to groom and meet potential victims, as well as network with others who share similar deviant sexual interests. Quayle suggests that possible pedophiles may use the internet and child pornography as a means to “substitute” seeking out and abusing children.
Trafficking and smuggling have different meanings, but people often confused these two terms. To clearly explain the term of trafficking, in 2000 the United Nations issued a definition of trafficking in their Protocol to Prevent, Supress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime: Trafficking in persons' shall mean the recruitment, transportation, transfer,
"... the use of a child in sexual activities for remuneration or any other form of consideration. (Source: Optional Child Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child).” The term prostitution means to have sexual intercourse for money, illegal in most places around the world. Since child prostitution is a special sub-category involving children who have yet to obtain the age of majority, the sexual intercourse is also considered rape in most places. The majority of children who find themselves in this vocation were put there by poverty. These children are orphans, homeless, or desperate.
Under Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 6-4-303(b) (LEXIS 1977), “sexual exploitation of a child” is defined as the sexual abuse of children and youth through the exchange of sex or sexual acts for drugs, food, shelter, protection, other basics of life, and/or money. Sexual exploitation includes involving children and youth in creating pornography and sexually explicit websites.
Danielle Clary Professor Delgado English 1314 October 14, 2013 Use of “Prostitution” in The Definition of Human Trafficking In 2000, the United States enacted a comprehensive domestic law on trafficking entitled the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000. Also in 2000, the United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Person, Especially in Women and Children, designated new international regulations for human trafficking. Both of these documents define trafficking as: …the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime). The U.N.’s definition of human trafficking includes several components in addition to prostitution, but the inclusion of it in the definition confuses the meaning of human trafficking by placing a voluntary act along with a series of involuntary acts, which alters the laws and policies being made.
For the purposes of this essay the sexual offence that will be focused on is child sexual abuse. Sexual offences against children more commonly involve genital fondling than vaginal or anal penetration, and in a minority of cases involve an excessive amount of force (Blackburn,2008). Sexual preference for children is more likely in men, and one quarter of the crimes recorded are from men exclusively against young boys (homosexual paedophilia), while a small amount of offences have both male and female victims, however this is less likely in incest offenders. It is estimated that one third of the group that have no preference to the sexuality of their victims are molest children that are outside of their own family. Therefore a dickheads attraction to children, and its definition of sexual offence or not, can be determined by age, gender, relationship and access to the victim, extent of sexual contact involved and the degree of force used in their offence.
Often prostitution or sex work is alternately described as being the same as trafficking in persons or the cause of trafficking into sex work. Conflating prostitution and trafficking erases the voices of prostitutes thereby, worsening their conditions. The tendency to treat trafficking and prostitution as if they were the same thing has a long and problematic history. The conflation of prostitution with notions of trafficking relatively begins with the industrial revolution in Europe. During the era of ‘white slavery’, the social activists made distinction between two separate classes of sex workers – ‘innocent’ who were forced into selling
Jazmine Stinson English III/ 2nd Ms. Johnson 8 December, 2010 Forced (Sex Trafficking) Sex Trafficking is “the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person forced to perform such an act is under the age of 18 years. (Winfrey2)” Shouldn’t children be able to feel safe in their own front yards? Is it right for children to be forced to be apart of something that they didn’t even imagine being involved in? Nearly 1.2 million children are trafficked each year across the nation and also across the world. Most of these children either end up being lost or just disappear from existence.
Net Child Pornography According to Sex Offenders and the Internet, written by Kerry Sheldon and Dennis Howitt, “child pornography was considered to be a small and specialist issue-an adjunct to the broader problem of pornography of all sorts” (7). However, in the last decade there has been a considerable increase in child pornography. It led to professional and public awareness of internet use in exacerbating child sexual abuse. Ricky Martin is one of the professionals who work to stop the abuse of children worldwide. His foundation “People for Children” raises public awareness and influences public policy makers on issues such as child pornography, prostitution, and labor servitude.
Youth, Gender and Pornography A major research project has been launched in the Nordic countries which studies the way in which the spread of pornography is affecting the perception of gender by young people. The background for this project comprises changes in the cultural status of pornography that have followed in the wake of the development of new media. By Susanne V. Knudsen and Anette Dina Sørensen From newspaper articles, anthologies and a handful of recent individual studies, in which young people are allowed to voice their own opinions, we know that teenagers of both sexes watch pornography, their motives being partly curious, partly sexual and partly connected with their need for information about sexuality (e.g., Mossige 2001, Håvold and Moen 2003, Søndergaard 2002). On the other hand, we have no concrete knowledge about the way that increasing exposure affects children and young people, about their attitudes to what they are watching, and the way that this relates to their perceptions of sexuality and gender and to their own sexual experiences. The few Nordic researchers who have studied this problem disagree about whether exposure to hard-core pornography has any effect upon well-balanced children and young people and, if it does, what kind of effect we are dealing with.