Other questions that I will also talk about are how to reduce ethical problems in an investigation, what prosecution problems could arise and what ethical issues are related to the prosecution. What are the specific ethical considerations that need to be addressed when investigating the specific crime? When an investigator is investigating a rape, he or she would need to be very sympathetic and try to understand that the victim is going through a horrific incident. The investigator must be very careful when asking the victim questions about the rape and the suspect/suspects and not to assume anything. This information could be used as evidence later when it goes to trial in court.
Once the behavioral profile is done, the profiler can then compare this to other criminals or mental patients with the same basic characteristics. It is generally very difficult to get professional hands-on experience on how to be a profiler. Police have been able to catch a wide array of people using profilers, including serial killers. Once criminals have been taken into custody, profilers can learn even more about the criminal mind and can find possible motives, verify motives, and/or assess the defendant's state of mind. The police psychologist does more hands-on work with officers and victims as opposed to criminals.
While it can be hard to understand why someone would falsely confess to a crime, psychological research has provided some answers and DNA exonerations have proven that the problem is more widespread than many people think. In approximately 25% of the wrongful convictions overturned with DNA evidence, defendants made false confessions, admissions or statements to law enforcement officials. In some false confession cases, details of the crime are inadvertently communicated to a suspect by police during questioning. Later, when a suspect knows these details, the police take the knowledge as evidence of guilt. Often, threats or promises are made to the suspect off camera and then the camera is turned on for a false confession.
More significant is that cases of cases of youthful offenders are on the rise on among the young female compared to their male counterparts and this situation is raising an alarm (Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1999). Children who are at the risk of offending in the future are treated separately from the adults. This is given special attention reason being that they require rehabilitation to get back from the bad behavior unlike adults who require punishment. Intervention facilitates in changing the antisocial characteristics which, if not
This help is given through a telephone support line normally. The Samaritans also offer a service to people in prison who also may feel isolated from any other type of support. They have pioneered prisoner listener schemes where inmates are trained to befriend and listen to fellow prisoners who could be suffering from emotional difficulties. The Samaritans provide a vital service to the public and victims of crime and many others who are troubled and suicidal, this Is because each year 160,000 attempt suicide.
They STOP THE INCARCERATION AND START THE REHABILITATION 15 participate in anger management courses and substance abuse counseling if necessary, and do manual labor on the facility grounds or in the community. (Clark, 2013). Although shock incarceration is a better solution then adult prisons, it has been criticized over its incidents involving abuse of inmates by staff. (Cullen, 2012) Punishment and rehabilitation are a major part of the criminal justice system and will be effective in controlling crime if there is a way to incorporate the two factors to work together. Punishing and following up with rehabilitation through community supervision can help prevent crime.
Most commonly, in criminal cases these psychologists play big roles in course a trial takes and its outcome. Law enforcement uses psychologists for many things. Sometimes they are used to evaluate officers who have been through a traumatic experience on the job such as killing someone or being shot/ injured on the job. They are also called in on occasion to watch integrations and give deceives insight on the suspect’s mannerisms and mental status. When law enforcement is dealing with issues regarding children, child psychologists are often called in to observe the child and speak with them regarding the situation.
The officer uses the information they have and rationalizes where the minor should go next. Depending on the situation they may just release the minor after discussing their reason for intervening with them. But then the officer may decide they have enough information for their case to try the minor (Bartollas & Miller, 2008, p.134). This information may include past history of delinquency from the minor. The officer then may place the juvenile in a detention center or in some cases a foster home (Bartollas & Miller, 2008, p.18).
Role of Victimology Victimology in its most simple form is the study of the victim or victims of a particular offender. It is defined as "the thorough study and analysis of victim characteristics" (Turvey, 1999) and may also be called "victim profiling" (Holmes, 1996). In essence criminal profilers are studying the harm the victim endured during the crime, plus its physical and emotional aspects. Victimologists are people who are in essence investigators, researchers, and observers of the victimized persons and their connection to the crime (Karmen, 2007). Holmes & Holmes (2009, p290) stated “To appraise a crime without some knowledge of the victim is certainly remiss.” The victim constitutes half of the crime therefore victimology should be heavily looked at in order to connect them to the offender (Douglas, Burgess, Burgess, & Ressler, 1992).Victimology is important to an investigation process in that, it is not just learning about the victim’s personal history and personality, but it also why the victim was chosen (Petherick, 2010).
A broken home can result in economic hardships, loss of some affection, adequate supervision that is provided by two parents, and easier chance to develop relationships with delinquents. Police are involved with crimes even more so with broken family children, with the fact of coming from a low income home and seeing that a child could continue down that path. Investigating more with police might be a link to broken homes and delinquency. Many research studies support the theory of broken homes correlating with delinquency. I would like to focus on a few separate areas as it relates to broken homes; divorces, single-parent families, and working mothers with children under age 18.