Asexual Reproduction: Mitosis produces only genetically __________identical____________offspring. ANSWER: 2. Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis is a process to convert a ______diploid________ cell to a ____haploid________ gamete, and cause a change in the genetic information to increase ______diversity_________in the offspring. ANSWER(s): Next Summary of Chromosome Characteristics: 3. The diploid set of chromosomes for humans is 2n=____46________.
Or each chromosome of a pair can be individually picked. 16. Explain two ways in which children can have different chromosomes (gene variation) than their mother or father. Random separation of chromosomes (law of segregation) when forming sperm/ova during anaphase I, crossing over of some genes to the homologous chromosomes during prophase I, and mutation during S
The genetic code: The genetic code by which DNA stores the genetic information consists of "condos" of three nucleotides. The functional segments of DNA, which code for the transfer of genetic information, are called genes. c. What genes
Since the chromosome pairs carry different genes, the daughter cells (sex cells) produced by meiosis are almost always genetically different. See Biozone. 3.5 Explain the role of gamete formation and sexual reproduction in variability of offspring Genetic variability of offspring occurs for a number of reasons: 1. During sexual reproduction, two sex cells join together in a process called fertilization. Which sex cells join together during fertilization is a random process.
Consider the following DNA sequence found on a different portion of the coding strand of Henry's CYP2C9 gene: TTACCGAGA a. What would be the sequence of the template strand on this portion of the gene? b. How many triplet codes does this DNA sequence contain? c. What would be the sequence of the mRNA after this sequence is transcribed?
DNA specifies the synthesis of proteins, However, a gene does not build a protein directly, instead it dispatches instructions in the form of RNA, which then programs protein synthesis. This molecular chain of command is from DNA in the nucleus then to RNA then to protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. The two main stages are transcription and translation, transcription is the transfer of genetic information from DNA into an RNA molecule, translation is the transfer of the information from RNA into a protein. Describe each stage of the flow of information starting with DNA and ending with a trait. Information will always start with DNA then it will travel to the RNA and then the protein.
Females have two x chromosomes and males have an x and a y. Genes are portions of DNA that perform one function and are passed down to the next generation. Genes are given names to identify them. The gene that is responsible for Fragile-X-syndrome is named FRM1. The FRM1
Sometimes single proteins other times groups of proteins which account for the phenotype of an organism All organisms begin life a single cell. In the case of humans the cell contains one set of chromosomes contributed by the mother, and one set of chromosomes contributed by the father, all of which contain DNA from the respective parent and carry genetic information that will be passed on to the offspring. As the fertilized egg divides and the cells are instructed by the DNA to differentiate to become all of the different cell types required by the human, the DNA molecules of the fertilized egg must be duplicated over and over, so that each of our trillions of cells contains an exact copy of the DNA contained in the fertilized egg. DNA replication must be tremendously accurate to ensure that
Mitosis is the step during which the cell’s nucleus divides into two new nuclei. During mitosis, one copy of the DNA is distributed into each of the two daughter cells. Scientists divide mitosis into four parts (phases): prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, the thread-like chromatin in the nucleus condenses to form double-rod structures called chromosomes. During metaphase, the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
Chromosomes are copied, DNA synthesized, Organelles manufactured, centrioles replicated, Now the cell’s ready to divide. Mitosis is S, and in it things are quick, Four phases together do the trick. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase In prophase, chromatids coil and chromosomes form, Centromeres holding duplicated chromosomes are the norm. Each coiled chromosome has two sister chromatids, Nucleus begins to disappear, centrioles moves out, and spindles created. Metaphase is the shortest stage.