Challenges in Health Insurance Sector

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Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1.1. Evolution of Health Insurance The concept of Health Insurance was proposed in the year 1694 by Hugh the elder Chamberlen from Peter Chamberlen family. In 19th Century “Accident Assurance” began to be available which operated much like modern disability insurance. This payment model continued until the start of 20th century. During the middle to late 20th century traditional disability insurance evolved in to modern health insurance programmes. Today, most comprehensive health insurance programmes cover the cost of routine, preventive and emergency health care procedures and also most prescription drugs. But this is not always the case. Healthcare in India is in a state of enormous transition: increased income and health consciousness among the majority of the classes, price liberalization, reduction in bureaucracy, and the introduction of private healthcare financing drive the change. Over the last 50 years, India has achieved a lot in terms of health insurance. Before independence, the health structure was in dismal condition i.e. high morbidity and high mortality and prevalence of infectious diseases. Since independence, emphasis has been put on primary health care and we made considerable progress in improving the health status of the country. But still, India is way behind many fast developing countries such as China, Vietnam and Sri Lanka in health indicators. Health insurance, which remains highly underdeveloped and less significant segment of the product portfolios, is now emerging as a tool to manage financial needs of people to seek health services. The new economic policy and liberalization process followed by Government of India since 1991 paved the way for privatization of insurance sector in the country. The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) bill, passed in

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