Then measure the distance of each pigment starting at the bottom of the pigment origin to the bottom of the separated pigment band. In Exercise 4B: Photosynthesis/ The Light Reaction, chloroplasts are extracted from spinach leaves and incubated with DPIP in the presence of light. The spectrophotometer should be warmed up and set the wavelength to 605 nm. An incubation area should be set up, that includes a light, water flask, and test tube rack. We were provided with two beakers, one containing a solution of boiled chloroplasts and
Discussion & Conclusion In this experiment we learned how to synthesize the cyclohexene by dehydration of cyclohexanol. We procedure the first step where we have to mix the components. Then we heat the R.B.F with a fractionating column, distilled water. Then we obtained the layers, and we transferred the organic layer to a small, dry Erlenmeyer flask. We added anhydrous Sodium Sulfate as a drying agent.
Eugenol has a boiling point of approximately 248° C, but can be isolated from cloves at a lower temperature by performing a co-distillation with water. The eugenol is extracted from the water using an organic solvent, in this experiment dichloromethane (DCM) was used. Once the organic layer has been separated from the aqueous layer and dried, the oil can be isolated. The amount of eugenol oil obtained experimentally with this method was 0.09 grams and the percent recovery of eugenol oil was 3.0%. Materials and Methods The clove buds were purchased from a local store and did not list a lot number.
Care must be taken when squeezing the pipet bulb on the filter pipet. Too much pressure might cause the filter to leak or fall off. Add about 2 mL of fresh tert-butyl methyl ether to the solid in the RB flask, warm briefly, let the solids settle for a minute, and pipet the liquid to the centrifuge tube as before. Again allow the solids to settle briefly in the centrifuge tube, then filter the liquid through the pressure filtration apparatus, into the same 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask. Doing a rinse such as this helps to ensure that any trimyristin that was left behind in the RB flask and centrifuge tube is not lost, thereby helping to ensure that
The carbonate anion test mixes 1 mL of test solution and drops of 6M HCl. The formation of bubbles shows the presence of carbonate (CO32-). The acetate anion test heats 2 mL of the test solution, 1 drop of 18M H2SO4, and 1 mL (100%) ethanol. A fruity smell, using the wafting technique, shows the presence of acetate
In this lab, two different titrations were performed with three different antacids to determine which brand is the most effective at the cheapest price. The antacids were ground up separately and approximately 0.2 grams of it was placed in a flask. Methyl Orange, an indicator, and a stir bar were added into the flask. The flask was then put on a stir plate which was under a buret with 0.1M hydrochloric acid. The acid was poured into the flask until there was a permanent pink colour.
The purpose of this lab is to focus on how to make zinc iodide in a different way using compounds instead of elements, which are barium iodide and zinc sulfate. We will see if the reaction between these two compounds will occur and make a prediction by writing a chemical equation. The procedures for this lab are to place a small test tube inside a 50mL beaker and weigh it. Then, using a spatula, add 0.45±0.03 g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate into the small test tube and record the mass. After that, dissolve the sample in 2 mL of deionized water and shake the test tube for 1 to 1 ½ minutes to dissolve the solid.
Investigating stoichiometry with Sodium Salts of Carbonic Acid Lab Report Experiment 7 Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to investigate and better understand chemical stoichiometry. In this experiment, you will be reacting sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) with hydrochloric acid (HCl) as shown below to produce sodium chloride, water and carbon dioxide. Using this chemical equation: NaHCO3 + HCl = NaCl + H20 + CO2. You will be given two unknown substances and expected to find which the sodium bicarbonate is and which the sodium carbonate is. You will do this by measuring the mass of the residue and comparing it to the thr=eoretical amount which is .165 g for Na2CO3 and .104 g for NaHO3.
We can use the same principal we used for the first experiment, Manganese dioxide is not a protein, not an enzyme, it is a catalyst. Due to this, no products are formed, and just as we anticipated, the reaction rate was given a 0. 3. The 3rd experiment is a mixture of 2 mL H2O2 and liver. In this situation, both the substrate (H2O2) and the enzyme (catalase) are present, and
Physical b. Pulp-free orange juice is prepared by filtering most of the pulp from fresh orange juice. Physical c. The compound glycerin, which is used in lotions, is formed as a byproduct during the preparation of biodiesel fuel from waste restaurant oils. Chemical 4. Identify each of the following as a substance or a mixture: (3 points each, 12 points total) a. helium gas that is used to fill a balloon Substance b. the juice that is squeezed from an orange Mixture c. distilled water Mixture d. carbon dioxide gas Mixture 5. An advertisement for shampoos says that it is pure shampoo, with nothing artificial added.