It then helps to pump blood around the body, to supply tissues with oxygen and nutrients and to transport waste products away from the tissues. The blood vessels of three different types which are the capillaries, veins and arteries. The Arteries: * Carry blood away from the heart (always oxygenated apart from the pulmonary artery which goes to the lungs) * Have thick muscular walls * Have small passageways for blood (internal lumen) * Contain blood under high pressure The Veins: * Carry blood to the heart (always de-oxygenated apart from the pulmonary vein which goes from the lungs to the heart) * Have thin walls * Have larger internal lumen * Contain blood under low pressure * Have
When we inhale, the oxygen enters through our nose or mouth then it gathers it in the Pharynx (throat) then it is passed down in the trachea then it flows down your bronchioles and finally down the alveoli. Our alveoli are surrounded by many blood vessels called capillaries. Oxygen diffuses through the alveoli into the blood stream through the capillary and then up to the heart to be pumped around the body. Due to the thinness of the capillaries, this allows for a greater diffusion rate, due to the gases being able to diffuse quickly in short distances. Our diaphragm contracts (or tightens) when we inhale.
| | | Lesson 6 - The Cardio-Respiratory System DefinitionsThe cardio-respiratory system consists of the cardio vascular system (heart and blood vessels) together with respiratory system (lungs and air ways). These systems work to transport oxygen to the muscles and organs of the body and remove waste products including carbon dioxide. The HeartThe heart is a double pump. "Oxygen-poor" blood enters the heart from the vena cava to the right atrium, and flows down to the right ventricle. The first pump pumps "oxygen poor" blood to the lungs from the right ventricle of the heart via the pulmonary artery where it returns as "oxygen rich blood" via the pulmonary vein to the left atrium.
Blood is taken to each of the four chambers of the heart by large blood vessels; vessels connecting the heart to the lungs are called pulmonary vessels. The aorta is connected to the left ventricle and carries oxygenated blood to all parts of the body (excluding the lungs, the vena cava is connected to the right atrium and brings deoxygenated blood back from the tissues of the body. The pulmonary artery is connected to the right ventricle and carries deoxygenated
This is very important as this allows osmosis occurs in our bodies. Plasma is forced out of the capillaries under high hydrostatic pressure to form tissue fluid. Some of the tissue fluid is return in capillary ends and some is returned to the blood by the lymphatic system. Plasma carries glucose, ions, waste product, respiratory gases and hormones around the body. Small molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse in and out of the cells through the phospholipid bilayer; ions and glucose molecules enter and leave the cell via the channel proteins.
Blood and circulation The heart requires its own constant blood supply in order to keep beating and this is delivered through the coronary arteries. Genetic and lifestyle factors can lead to the coronary arteries becoming blocked, and an increased risk of heart disease. All living cells need to be supplied with materials like oxygen and glucose. They also need to get rid of waste materials like carbon dioxide. In single-celled organisms these materials are able to just diffuse in and out of the cell, however multicellular organisms e.g.
(Insert diagram 1 below) This is the exchange of gases occurring within our bodies by diffusion. It is necessary or vital to occur since we need oxygen from the air in the blood to remove the waste from our carbon dioxide. This explains why therefore a large surface area is required for the alveoli as it increases the rate at which oxygen is diffused. The large surface area of alveoli is also used and useful for energy
The human respiratory system is composed of the nasal passage, the pharynx, larynx, the trachea, bronchi and lungs. It is responsible for the process of respiration that is vital to the survival of living beings. Respiration is the process of obtaining and using oxygen, while eliminating carbon dioxide. It is the process by which human beings take in the oxygen from their environment and give out the carbon dioxide that is produced as a result of chemical reactions within the cells. The specialized system that brings about this critical process of respiration in human beings is known as the human respiratory system.
The Respiratory System In our bodies many organs take part in the process of respiration. We call them organs of the respiratory system. The main organs of the human respiratory system are as follows: Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, Alveoli and Diaphragm. The respiratory systems main purpose is to supply oxygenated blood in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. Breathing gives us the ability to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.
Lymphatic system The lymphatic system is a large vein like system that runs all through out your body. The lymphatic system is made up of veins and nodes. The nodes are mainly located in the armpits, neck and groin regions. Lymph originates as blood plasma that leaks from the capillaries of the circulatory system, becoming interstitial fluid, and filling the space between individual cells of tissue. Plasma is forced out of the capillaries and forced back in due to interactions of hydrostatic pressure.