Juliana Park Mayumi Tamada CHEM 111B LAB/ M-F 1-4PM 15 August 2012 Spectroscopy Lab Introduction In this lab, the molar absorptivity of the complex FeLn2+ will be determined by using the absorbance of the complex and its concentration. The absorbance will be found by using a spectrophotometer. For the next part of the lab, the formula of the complex will be determined by also using the volume of ligand and the absorbance again. Experimental There are two different parts to the experiement. In the first part, five 100 mL flasks of 5 mL ligand solution, 5 mL 2 M sodium acetate, 4 mL 3 M NH2OH, and 1-5 mL Fe2+ solution are diluted with water.
The Calvin cycle is anabolic, building carbohydrates from smaller molecules and consuming energy. Carbon enters the Calvin cycle in the form of CO2 and leaves in the form of sugars. The cycle spends ATP as energy source and consumes NADPH as a reducing power for adding high energy. The Calvin cycle has 3 phases it undergoes while occurring phase 1 is the carbon fixation, the Calvin cycle incorporates each CO2 molecule one at a time by attaching to its five carbon sugar name RuBP carboxylase, or rubisco the product of this reaction is a six carbon intermediate so unstable that it immediately splits in half forming two molecules of 3 phosphoglycerate, the next phase is Reduction Each molecule receives an additional phosphate group from ATP, becoming 1, 3-biphosphoglycerate. Next a pair of electrons are donated from NADPH reduces 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate which also loses a phosphate group, becoming G3P.
Also, the more stable the free radical that is left behind, the weaker its C-H bond strength will be. The difference between the bromine and chlorine product ratios can be partially explained by the Hammond postulate, which states that species with similar energy levels also have more similar structures and react more quickly and less selectively. In the experiment, five different hydrocarbons were tested to measure the rate of reaction with the addition of bromine. Two trials were done, one with the test tubes containing the hydrocarbons and added bromine sitting directly under a lamp, and another with the test tubes in a closed, dark space. Both trials contained a
The NMR spectrum does contain impurities including methanol (4.80 ppm), methyl oleate (5.40 ppm), CHCL3 (7.20 ppm), acetone (2.00 ppm), and water (1.60 ppm). The methyl oleate may be present due to incomplete reaction with hydrogen and the CHCL3 may be present due to the contamination of CDCL3 NMR solvent. Acetone was used as a cleaning agent on the apparatus before starting the experiment. The experimental NMR spectrum does match that of an authentic spectrum except the experimental spectrum contains a greater number of peaks due to
b. Calculate the fuel value in kJ/g for each of these compounds. c. FOr each hydrocarbon determine the percentage of hydrogen by mass. d. By comparing your answers for part (b) and (c), propose a relationship between hydrogen content and fuel value in hydrocarbons. a) for a we first need to find a balanced equation for when the hydrocarbons combust to form CO2 and H20.
Introduction: The radical chlorination of chlorobutane results in the formation of four possible products. These products are formed by substitution reactions, where a halogen atom (chlorine) replaces a hydrogen atom (Wade 2010). The amount of each product formed is based on the relative reactivity of the product. The calculations of the relative reactivity are dependent on the reactivity of the hydrogen atoms, which is influenced by the chloro substituent as well as other factors such as the level of the substituted carbon and the bond dissociation energy. For this lab we want to observe how the chloro substituent has an effect on the reactivity of the possible hydrogen atoms.
Let’s call this number X. Then the structural formula of BaCl2 hydrate can be written as BaCl2•XH2O. The reaction of dehydration is |BaCl2•XH2O ( BaCl2 + XH2O |(5) | According to the stoichiometry of the reaction (5) |[pic] |(6) | Where N1 is the number of moles of BaCl2 formed in the reaction (5) and N2 is the number of moles of water lost in the reaction (5). To find out N1 you need to divide the mass of BaCl2 after the reaction by its molar mass. To find out N2 you have to determine the mass of water produced in the reaction.
Tammy Thanaporn Amornkasemwong 1st September 2011 Science Period 8 Introduction: How much energy can be released from fuels? Combustion is the process of burning fuel in order to produce heat. The intention of this experiment is to find whether different fuels produce different amount of energy. In the process of combustion in this experiment, cheeto, half a cashew nut, wax candle and ethanol are used as fuels combust with lighter, as heat and oxygen. When the fuels combust, oxygen and fuels react, and heat released.
The mass of the oxygen in the oxide product will represent how much added weight was gained in the reaction. Once the masses are calculated, several calculations involve forming the empirical formula. In equation 4, the metal and oxygen masses are converted to moles. In equation 5, the simplest ratio is needed to determine the molar ratio that represents the subscripts in the equation. The resulting ratio from equation 5 is then applied to form the empirical formula and a balanced
This means that your body is continuously working to digest high fructose corn syrup if the body consumes processed foods or drink soda on a regular basis. This could cause the body to be obese over a period of time ("Three"). After eating fructose, 100 percent of the metabolic burden rests on your liver—ONLY your liver can break it down. This is much different than consuming glucose, in which your liver has to break down only 20 percent, and the remaining 80 percent is immediately metabolized and used by the rest of the cells in the body. Fructose is converted into fat that gets stored in your liver and other tissues as body fat.