The Mayor of Chicago knew that they had to stop the campaigns from attracting media attention and to reduce this he ordered the police to avoid using violence and brutality and treat the campaigners with respect. This prevented the movement from gaining less publicity and support, due to sympathy, than in the South. Another reason for King being less successful in the North compared to the South is because of the lack of support. He didn’t gain nearly as many people as expected, for example at his first campaign in the North, The Chicago Freedom Movement, only 30,000 people attended rather than the 100,000 King had expected. This meant that the campaign wasn’t as effective and that it wasn’t large scale enough therefore didn’t result in much of a reaction.
Back during the Scarlett Letter, townspeople didn’t have that option due to the lack of technology. Instead, what they would do to inform citizens of the crime is walk around and verbally invite them to the scaffold, and let them witness from there. If an individual wasn’t able to attend, they would have to find out a different way. Public awareness wasn’t broad back then, unlike today where we have all the technology, and even the simplest things to inform
Author Peter Moskos took a different approach to writing a book about the police than most authors do. Instead of interviewing different officers form departments and believing all they have to say (because they never talk up stories or stretch the truth), Peter Moskos became a Baltimore cop and worked in the ghetto of the eastern district. In his book Cop in the Hood, he talks about the everyday struggles of being a cop and also talks about his personal view of policing and the academy. In the beginning of the book Peter talks about how useless he and other officers feel the academy is. He says that the sole purpose of the academy is “to protect the department from the legal liability that could result from negligent training” (22).
Zimbardo then took a similar car to Palo Alto, California, an upscale area, but this time there was no damaged license plate and the doors were closed and locked. It sat, undisturbed, for a week. Zimbardo then damaged the car with a hammer, including breaking a window (hence, the “broken window experiment”). The result was that the car became a hulk on cinder blocks within three days (Rovira). This experiment translated to a policing philosophy that by taking care of the small things, the broken windows, the petty crimes, an area, a neighborhood, or an entire city would be seen as something not subject to damage.
The high likelihood of detection by the police, and the deterrent effects of punishment have been seen as forms of crime prevention. But the traditional criminal justice agencies have prevention as a sort of side effect or unintended consequence of their main aim of detection and punishment. And they are, as we have seen in previous lectures, not that efficient. Specific measures aimed at preventing crime have always been around in an everyday sense. Families, schools and communities disapprove of crime and this acts as a form of 'informal social control' People lock their doors and windows against burglars, and perhaps avoid badly lit areas, or certain parts of town, with the intention of reducing the likelihood of victimisation.
Zero tolerance policing ** The broken window theory (nobody cares about the environment, no one tries to repair it) 1. The concept of giving carte blanche to the police foe the inflexible repression of minor offenses, homeless people and the disorders associated with them 2. A form of moral regulation favoring middle and upper classes 3. Enforcing “quality of life” Target-orientated like the weak people in society Capitalism may promote the homeless, quite ironically Challenges to police role Need to balance compassion with mandate to enforce the law 4. No discretion during enforcement 5.
Police officers are taken for granted and people rarely think of the personal, mental, and physical sacrifices that police make in order to protect our community. Police officers are more or less nameless and faceless people separated from the rest of society. They are the enforcers of the laws our society deems as appropriate behavior, even if it contradicts what an individual officer believes. If it's hard for some to see that police endure great amounts of stress, think about the fact that police have to deal with getting hurt or killed, being held liable, having alternating shifts, having less free time, and never escaping the police mentality; all are reasons that police officers face impossible stress and pressure over their career. Problems also come to police officers from other directions that cause even higher levels of stress: family, public, department, internally, and environmentally.
Broken-windows theory has suggested a way of thinking in the community. Citizens feel safer when police departments conduct more foot patrols in the neighborhood, and feel the police were more aware of the crime that are occurring. As time progressed into the adaptation of the motorized patrol, some people felt that the police had lost touch with the community and were not aware of the small underlying issues of the bigger crimes that occurred. Through the theory of broken-windows, a zero-tolerance style of policing was developed. Some police departments, such as New York, implemented the zero tolerance style and claimed that it lowered their crime rates in the mid 1990’s.
A critical response is needed in heterogeneous neighborhoods. There are barriers to the community policing, but primarily, as stated, communities differ in their abilities to reach consensus. Somerville thus sums up a paradox of COP—that is, that it works best where least needed (in relatively stable and homogeneous neighborhoods) and worst where most needed (in highly mobile and heterogeneous neighborhoods) [2008, 267]. Additionally, communities may also work against the effective implementation of COP with their continuing demands for a police emphasis on crime fighting (Greene 2000), which draws resources away from crime prevention activities. Finally, Forman (2004) points out that juveniles are often not considered part of the “community” that police work with and that juveniles continue to be the frequent target, especially in high-crime and high-minority neighborhoods, of traditional interventions used by community police officers
This case led to the questioning of whether the legal system is effective for the individual and the community and whether it really brought justice to the victims of crime. A large proportion of society feel let down by the legal system, as a mechanism put into place to protect and bring justice has obviously failed in this case. The fact that serious sex offenders who place a black mark on the well being of victims, both physically and mentally being let off in less than 20 years caused a lot of conroversy. Although it may be argued that 55 years was a harsh penalty and didn’t warrant the crime, the victim’s of the crime received a much harsher sentence, a life of trauma and a constant feeling of alarm. Denele Crozier a Women's Health NSW executive officer asked the question many women had asked after the appeal was established ``How many times do women have to be constantly let down and disappointed by the legal