1.2-1.3 There are 2 types of causes for an acquired brain injury and these will result from either an internal of external event happening. Externally is commonly known as a traumatic brain injury which could then lead onto an acquired brain injury. A brain injury cause from a TBI is caused initially by outside force but includes the complications which can follow such as damage caused by lack of oxygen, rising pressure, and swelling in the brain. A TBI will have the initial injury, which will then result in an ABI which can be a bleeding, bruising, or swelling in the brain, clots, etc..... The possible causes of a TBI are: * Road Traffic Collisions - Falls & Slips * Domestic Accidents - Assault & Violence * Work Accidents - Sports Accidents Internally is commonly known as an acquired brain injury which has resulted from a medical issue arising thus causing an acquired brain injury (ABI) And these are normally issues that are direct to the brain and are the initial injury to the brain.
First, he points that not all addictions are chemical substances and there are many activities that can be addictive to people. These activities do not alter the brain in such a way to be able to say the addiction has changed the brain so much it is diseased. In addition, the American Society of Addiction Medicine declared addiction to be a brain disease based on findings that addictions effect
Hemorrhagic stroke (~17%)- A blood vessel breaks open, causing blood to leak into the brain 3. Define the term collateral blood flow, and describe how this and other factors affect the development of stroke. The brain has s circular vascular structure called the circle of Willis and two pairs of arteries that feed the circle. So most areas of the brain receive blood from more than one collateral blood vessel. The type, and severity of stroke symptoms depends on the location of the and severity of brain ischemia 4.
Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel located in the brain starts to either leak or rupture. This is usually caused by high blood pressure and weakened walls of the vessel caused by an aneurysm. There are two types of hemorrhagic stroke, intracerebral and subarachnoid. An intracerebral hemorrhage is when an artery in the interior of the brain bursts and the blood moves into the surrounding area causing damage. In a subarachnoid hemorrhage, a blood vessel also bursts, but instead of being on the interior, the vessel is located near the surface of the brain.
There is a challenge predicting which moles or tumors will metastasize, partly because of the cell’s high ability to move spontaneously and actively and also due to the plastic nature of melanocytes. A melanoma can also be formed from existing mole on the body. If this melanoma metastasizes to other parts of the body, it can be fatal for the patient 2. The different levels of a melanoma refer to the extent of the cancer. Tumor thickness, melanoma cell location, and whether the melanoma cells have metastasized all play a role in determining the stage of melanoma.
Unit 4222-256 Understand the impact of Acquired Brain Injury on Individuals 1.1. Acquired Brain Injury is any damage to the brain that occurs after birth. 1.2 Possible causes of Acquired Brain Injury are:- · alcohol or drugs · disease such as AIDS, Alzheimers, cancer, multiple sclerosis or Parkinsons disease · lack of oxygen caused anoxic brain injury (for e.g. injury caused by near drowning) · Physical injury such as impact (or blow) to the head, which may occur in vehicle or sporting accidents, fights or falls · stroke - when a blood vessel inside the brain breaks or is blocked destroying local brain tissue 2.1 The initial effects of Acquired Brain Injury are:- · loss of consciousness · increased fatigue (mental and physical) · communication difficulties is very common · slowing down in how fast they process information, plan and solve problems · changes to behaviour and personality, physical and sensory abilities and thinking and learning 2.2 The long term effects of Acquired Brain Injury can be different depending on the severity of the injury and the area of the brain which is affected. The main effects of brain injury can be grouped into three areas:- Physical Cognitive Emotional and Behavioural Physical Effects · fatigue - excessive tiredness, tasks such as getting dressed or walking around can require much more effort after brain injury.
Unit PD OP3.3 Understand the Impact of Acquired Brain Injury on Individuals 1.1 Define acquired brain injury. An Acquired Brain Injury is sudden onset of brain damage that was sustained after birth. Acquired Brain Injury is not hereditary, congenial or a genetic disorder. Acquired Brain Injury can result in physical, cognitive, behavioural and emotional changes, the symptoms can vary dependant on the extent and the locality of the trauma. These changes may not always be permanent dependant on the ABI (Acquired Brain Injury) but most often do cause substantial alterations in the person’s character and physical abilities.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a result of a sudden blow to the head when an external force is applied causing a disruption of the physiological stability of the brain. It can also occur when an object pierces the skull and enters the brain tissue and when elevation in the intracranial pressure occurs it can potentially change the blood flow within and to the brain. These changes may produce a diminished or altered state of consciousness. Traumatic brain injury is a non-degenerative, non-congenital defect in which there may be permanent or temporary impairment to cognition. TBI or concussions can cause long-term or short-term brain damage among a long list of effects.
What is Multiple Sclerosis? Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system compose of the brain and spinal cord. The immune system T cells pass from the bloodstream into the central nervous system to attack the myelin sheath coating around nerve fibers (Wikipedia).The damaged myelin forms scar tissue (sclerosis), which gives the disease its name. Myelin damage disrupts communication between your brain and the rest of your body( Mayo Clinic). Ultimately, the nerves themselves may deteriorate, a process that's currently irreversible.
Unit 3 Assignment 1: Disorders and Diseases Affecting the Lymphatic System Malorie Thompson Anatomy and Physiology II 10/06/2014 Hodgkin’s lymphoma, formerly known as Hodgkin’s disease, is a cancer of the lymphatic system which is a part of the immune system (Mayo Clinic, 2014). Hodgkin lymphoma generally presents with early clinical stages and indolent clinical behavior (Hartmann et al, 2014). In Hodgkin’s lymphoma, cells in the lymphatic system grow abnormally and may spreads beyond the lymphatic system (Mayo Clinic, 2014). As Hodgkin’s lymphoma progresses, it compromises your body’s ability to fight infection (Mayo Clinic, 2014). Hodgkin’s lymphoma is one of two common types of cancers of the lymphatic system (Mayo Clinic, 2014).