On the base of the frontal lobe it overlies the anterior perforated substance through which the striate arteries enter the interior of the brain. On the temporal lobe the olfactory cortex covers the rostral portion of the parahippocampal gyrus including a medial bulge known as the uncus or uncinate gyrus. From the olfactory cortex, olfactory information is relayed via the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus to the insular and orbitofrontal cortex. The insular cortex, which is buried in the depths of the Sylvian fissure, also
Hemispheric specialization refers to the dominance of one hemisphere of the brain in specific functions, such as language, emotions, motor control and so on ( Feldman, 2009). The brain is a part of the central nervous system which is the subdivision of the nervous system. Its main role is to process sensory information from various parts of the body to make them meaningful. The brain receives sensory information from all parts of the body through the spinal cord (Passer & Smith, 2009). Basically, the brain is divided into three parts.
This is the part of the brain where the ascending and descending tracts are housed. This house creates a bulge that is called pons. This is located on the brains stem’s ventral surface. These pons are what make most of this division of the brain. The cerebellum is another large division that is located on the brain stem's dorsal surface.
It is also responsible for primary motor function, or our ability to consciously move our muscles, and the two key areas related to speech, including Broca’s area. The frontal lobe is larger and more developed in humans than in any other organism. As its name indicates, the frontal lobe is at the front of the brain. The right hemisphere of the frontal lobe controls the left part of the body, and vice versa. The frontal lobe is also the most common place for brain injury to
Sound waves travel through the fluid of the cochlea and make the hair cells in the organ of Corti move. The hair cells are the receptors for hearing. When the hairs bend, they cause an
Each of these lobes has different functions from each other. On the other hand, the neurotransmitters are the information carriers, they carry electrochemical signals to and from the brain throughout the entire body in human beings. Then, we have the nervous system which can actually be divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) where the brain and spinal cord are parts of the CNS. The PNS can still be divided into two specific parts, the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). While the SNS directs the movements of the skeletal muscles, the ANS regulates involuntary processes such as the heart beating, breathing, blood pressure, and blood sugar level.
Appearance of the Cerebral Hemispheres and the Mechanisms of the Cerebral cortex The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is found occupying the entire concave area of the cranial vault, situated in the anterior and middle cranial fossa. The cerebrum may be divided into the interior core and exterior cerebral hemispheres, being called the diencephalons and telencephalon respectively. Each hemisphere has a covering of gray matter referred to as the cortex, which is found to be associated with functional localization, both of which will be described below. Firstly, the external appearance of the telencephalon will be discussed followed by an outline of the associated mechanisms of the cortex. The cerebrum is composed of two symmetrical hemispheres which are separated by a deep midline sagittal fissure which is deemed the longitudinal fissure, which contains a fold of dura matter, the flax cerebri.
Phineas Gage and role of the brain in cognitive function PSYC360 July 23 2012 This paper will discuss the role that cognitive function plays on the brain, as well as explaining how Phineas Gage’s accident support how the brain deals with cognitive function. Cognitive function includes all of perception such as sensing, reasoning, conception, imagining, and remembering. The brain is not one block; it breaks into several different functions of parts. There are three types of parts such as cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. Among them, cerebrum is characteristic of the human being in the three parts of the brain.
Parietal lobe - responsible for sensory information from the body, also where letters are formed, putting things in order and spatial awareness. Occipital lobe- responsible for processing information related to vision Cerebrum lobe - biggest part of the Brain its role is memory, attention, thought, and our consciousness, senses and movement. Hippocampus = responsible for memory forming, organizing and storing and emotions. 3. Explain why depression, delirium and age related memory impairment may be mistaken for dementia.
On the other hand, Wernicke’s area is responsible for the comprehension of speech, which its function is linked with language development (GNU). Hence, one is mainly for speaking and the other for listening. The locations of both parts are different within the brain. According the studies, Broca’s area is located around the inferior frontal gyrus, which is a part of the frontal lobe (Wisegeek). The frontal lobe’s main functions are movement control and language production that thrive from the primary motor cortex.