This is, essentially, the opposite effect of what happens when there is weight bearing activity as previously discussed - when there is a decrease in weight bearing activity/the stress of gravity on the body, osteoclasts break down the bone where it is not needed, releasing calcium ions into the blood so that they may be used where they are, in fact, needed (Kosalanan, 2005). 9. What risk factors does Margaret have for osteoporosis? The risk factors that Margaret has for osteoporosis are that she is an elderly female, has gone through menopause, she is a long term smoker, and she is on propranolol, and she has lead a rather sedentary life. Bone density begins to decrease after age 30 for both men and women, but the effects are more severe in women, especially after they have gone through menopause.
Osteoporosis is most prevalent in white elderly females with slight body frames. (Ross, (2009) Another common musculoskeletal problem common to the elderly is osteoarthritis. This is when the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones in a joint gradually deteriorates until there is bone on bone contact. Eventually osteoarthritis causes joint pain and stiffness and may require surgery to replace the damaged joint. Once again elderly females are more likely to end up with osteoarthritis than males.
Myositis ossificans means that bone forms within muscle due to a blunt injury that causes deep tissue bleeding in an athlete. For instance, a soccer player that is repeatedly kicked hard in his mid-thigh would develop pain and bruising as a result of the soft tissue being injured. A hematoma would form and ultimately develop into this abnormal bone. Treatment consists of rest, immobilization and anti-inflammatory medication. X-rays can determine whether this has turned into a tumor within the soft tissues.
| Question 15 of 40 A 65-year-old female is diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer, and she has developed muscle wasting. Which of the following substances is produced in large quantities to eliminate the tumor cells and cause muscle wasting? |[pic] |Interleukin-6 | |[pic] |Eosinophils | |[pic] |Tumor necrosis factor | |[pic] |Platelets | Question 16 of 40 Vaccines help to protect individuals against disease by inducing which of the following immune responses? |[pic] |Alloimmune | |[pic] |Passive immune | |[pic] |Primary immune | |[pic] |Secondary immune |
The diagnosis was given because of the specific signs Angela was showing, the symptoms she was having were joint pain that was specifically triggered anytime she was in a cold-like condition. Osteoporosis has been ruled out as not being the case in this situation because the X rays did not have any result in bone loss of bone density. 2. Why does Angela’s doctor recommend exercise and weight loss? Exercise plays a huge role on everyday life and can eliminate many help factors.
Here at Franklins our duty is to serve you! A broken bone is a fracture. Most times you will hear a snap or a crack that lets you know something is broken. Let’s talk about the different types of fractures and how they can perform in different ways. A closed fracture is where the bone is broke and inside the skin and an open fracture is where the skin is damages and the bone might is visible on an x-ray.
The treatment varies on how bad the fracture is. If the fracture is minor then all they will do is splint or cast the hand to keep it immobilized. If the fracture is severe then it is required to have pins put in to realign the bone as well as having a splint. The second fracture is a toddler’s fracture. A toddler’s fracture is a fracture of the distal part of the shin bone, which is the tibia, in toddlers from nine months to three years of age.
There are numerous, beneficial uses for steroids in the field of medicine. Their purpose is not to create a lean body with a one digit body fat percentage, but to better the lives from premature children to aging grandparents and every age in between (Rehan). It’s especially valuable for cancer, HIV, and motor vehicle victims. In most of these cases because of operations and treatment, the patients lose weight and muscle definition. The loss of these can lead to problems when it comes to walking and other use of motor functions.
According to the Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, particularly when patients with more traumatic experiences in the ICU or a long term stay (Dammeyer, 2013). Osteoporosis Osteoporosis affects the bone itself, affecting both necessary parts to keep the bone structure in a state of equilibrium, Osteoblast cells that form the osseous matrix and its calcium. This affects necessary normal motor activity “since osteoblasts depend upon stresses and strains of mobility and weight bearing for proper functioning” (Edith V. Olsen, 1967, pg.788). The lack of daily stresses in immobile patients changes the bone composition and starts a decalcification
Once the orbital apex and cavernous sinus get involved, clinical signs become obvious. Imaging techniques, like CT and MRI, are useful in detecting the extent of orbital spread but not sufficient for a definitive diagnosis in patients without clinical signs of proptosis or eye movement limitation. The tumor histology is for planning the surgery, as exenteration of the orbit may not be necessary in some cases of esthesioneuroblastoma, adenocarcinoma, adenocystic low-grade carcinoma or squamous cell