Bitzer and Vatz

423 Words2 Pages
In Lloyd F. Bitzer’s “The Rhetorical Situation”, he talks about the presence of rhetorical discourse based off of the idea that it exists ultimately when there is a given situation. By stating this, he basically brings to attention the correlation between rhetorical discourse and situation. In order for rhetorical discourse to take place, there has to be a present or prior situation that ignites the rhetorical discourse. Bitzer also goes on to explain that rhetorical discourse does not define a situation because there are instances when a situation is present and discourse is not. This leads to him stating that many situations are present, but that does not necessarily constitute them as rhetorical situations. Bitzer also talks about the importance of timing centered around a situation and how that can have a great effect on the exigence. Another thing that Bitzer spends quite a bit of time talking about the three constituent parts of a rhetorical situation. The first constituent is exigence. He writes, “Any exigence is an imperfection marked by urgency; it is a defect, an obstacle, something waiting to be done, a thing which is other than it should be.” By describing exigence this way, he allows the reader to develop the notion that it is a problem in the world that is ultimately waiting to be discussed and changed for the better. The second constituent that Bitzer talks about is the audience in a rhetorical situation. Bitzer refers to the audience as “the mediators of change” because the audience is ultimately the group of people that ignite the change and hold the power to influence decisions around the problem. The last constituent is the set of constraints. Bitzer states, “The set of constraints are made up of persons, events, objects, and relations which are parts of the situation because they have the power to constrain decision and action needed
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