Viruses j. C. Fungi k. D. Bacteria Ans: A and D 6. A bacterial cell is found to be motile and resistant to high temperature and phagocytosis. This cell probably has: l. Endospore, flagella, capsule 7. Nitrogen is a major bioelement that can be found in: m. a. proteins n. b. Nucleic acids o. c. Polysaccharides p. D. Lipids Ans: a and b 8. All of the following are polysaccharides except: q. Glucose 9.
What is the difference between substrate level phosphorylation & oxidative phosphorylation? Substrate level phosphorylation occurs in the cytoplasm while oxidative occurs in the mitocondria. In substrate level, a phosphate group is removed directly from a subtrate and is transferred to ADP. In oxidative, electrons are transferred from NADH+ through the ETC in the mitochondria's inner membrane. 8.
Support the absorption of carbohydrates and proteins B. accept chyme from the stomach and complete digestion C. Absorbs B12,bile salts, fluids and electrolytes and secretes enzyemes that further break down carbohydrates and proteins 14. Slow the passage of food along the intestines and increase surface for absorption 15. A. Absorbs B12,bile salts, fluids and electrolytes and secretes enzyemes that further break down carbohydrates and proteins B. Creates a space for liquids to empty into C. Move waste up and out of the body D. Absorbs water from stool E. Absorbs water from stool and stores food that will be emptied into the rectumlts F. Moves stool into rectum 16. Secretes pancreatic juice, insulin, glucagon, duodenum, and somatostatin into the bloodstream.
B. Discussion a-galactosidose is an enzyme which is active in lysosomes. A-galactosidose “breaks down a molecule called globotriaosylceramide, which consists of three sugars attached to a fatty substance. This molecule is degraded as part of the normal recycling of old red blood cells (erythrocytes) and other types of cells” (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene=gla). Do animals fart?
Further digestion of the protein is completed in the small intestine. Here, several enzymes from the pancreatic juice and the lining of the intestine carry out the breakdown of huge protein molecules into small molecules called amino acids. These small molecules can be absorbed from the hollow of the small intestine into the
Third, the substrate becomes activated through the enzyme-substrate complex, allowing the electrons and atoms to rearrange to form the product of the reaction. Fourth, the complex separates, releasing the product and enzyme independent of one another. Only the substrate is modified in the reaction, thus after being released enzymes may perform the same process. Each enzyme is specialized for a particular reaction, therefore many similar as well as different types of enzymes may be necessary for cell metabolism (McMurray, 1977). The four types of macromolecules that make up an organism’s diet are lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Unit 5 Assignment 1 A human cell contains eight organelles. For each organelle I have briefly outlined the function of them below: Mitochondria: Mitochondrion produces Adenosine Triphosphate known as ATP, which is energy. Mitochondrion is a double membrane with an inner layer that is folded to form cristae. On the cristae are enzymes linked to ATP formation. Also it is common in the liver cells, striated muscle and nerve cells.
Glucose is completely broken down after this stage. The electron transport chain is located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. The major role of the electron transport chain is to extract energy via redox reactions in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. Electrons are
Our bodies carry out millions of chemical reactions to use energy through a metabolic process. In order to understand how the metabolic process works, we first must understand digestion The digestion process begins at the mouth. The food consumed is chewed into smaller particles. This increases surface area and allows digestive enzymes to access more surface area of swallowed food. The mouth contains the enzyme amylase which breaks down carbohydrate chains.
* Production and secretion of substances – hormones, mucus, goblet cells. Metabolism Metabolism basically means tissue change, it is all processes by which the living body is maintained. It includes the processes by which energy is made available within the body. Catabolism – is a type of metabolic process. These metabolic processes involve breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules.