Hypothesis My hypothesis is that the volume of carbon dioxide released from the yeast will be high when it is respiring with glucose and fructose, but with lactose, as it is a disaccharide and the yeast does not contain the enzyme lactase, which is needed to break lactose down. Method 1. For each repeat, the 3 boiling tubes were set up in a test tube rack, each containing 4cm3 of 30% yeast solution and 4cm3 of the 15% sugars: glucose, fructose and lactose. 2. 5 drops of Janus Green solution was then added to the substrate, in order to indicate when the substrate would begin anaerobic respiration.
Science Fair Proposal By: Alvaro Lanzas, Victor Lara, Luis Rodriguez, and Andrea Bobadilla 1 Background Informa/on Fermentation is a change in which you convert grape sugar into ethyl alcohol. When you have the same amount of grape juice in different bottles, and add different amounts of sugar to each of them, the fermentation rate of juice will work slower. Fermentation in wine is the catalyst (“a substance that causes or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected”(1)) function in which grape juice is turned into an alcoholic drink. The effect of high concentrations of sugar in grape juices or any solutions will affect the efficiency of fermentation. Apparently, the fermentation rate of juice seems to be less affected by high concentrations of sugar.
When genes and DNA were discovered in 1953, Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution has been supported in many aspects. Darwin famous observation of different kinds of finches across the Galapagos Islands indicated that these birds must be related (2). DNA findings now show that truly a genetic mutation must have been taken place, helping the birds adapt to their surroundings. Looking at genetic diversity, some biologists where now able to show that language originated from Africa (3). Furthermore, new
Method: In this investigation same volume of 3 different types of orange juice are used, to find out which one has the most Vitamin C. This investigation involves using the organic indicator called Dichlorophenolindophenol which abbreviates to DCPIP. The indicator is a dark blue colour which turns colourless when a known amount of it is used neutralize ascorbic acid which is Vitamin C. The amount of juices used to turn the DCPIP colourless will be recorded and the vitamin C content will be determined by measuring the amount of a known vitamin C concentration
Treating Starch Starch and cellulose are two very similar polymers as they are both made from the same monomer called glucose, and have the same glucose-based repeat units. The only difference is that in starch, all the glucose repeat units are oriented in the same direction. However in cellulose, each successive glucose unit is rotated 180 degrees around the axis of the polymer backbone chain, relative to the last repeat unit. (http://www.pslc.ws/macrog/starlose.htm ) Ethanol preparation from cellulose, starch, and sugar that contain raw materials, involves a few general steps. First, is the pre-treatment, which is the chemical or physical conversion of a raw material to a hydrolysable substrate.
However the unreliability of the results makes the claim an ongoing discussion and an open debate. The theory of evolution, first proposed by Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882) implies that all species are derived from common ancestors through natural selection (Phoenix, 2007 p.118-121). Natural selection is thought to be the main factor resulting in the diversity of species: it has been defined as a natural process, whereby only the variants best adapted to their environment develop the ability of a longer survival and pass on the best characteristics to future generations. Natural selection in species leads to 'adaptation' which is a change in behaviour as a consequence of surrounding modification. Within humans many adaptations have happened through Darwin’s theory of natural selection, one of these adaptations is called Theory of Mind.
The attitudes and perceptions held about Indigenous Australians by Australians of European descent have changed over two hundred years of colonisation. Social Darwinism is among the leading ideological paradigms that have formed and maintained attitudes and perceptions, and influenced laws from 1770 to the present. Darwin’s theory of natural selection is a biological theory about how new species are formed and existing ones become extinct. Darwinism maintains that variations between existing organisms within a species confer differences in their survival and reproductive success. Progeny that inherit advantageous characteristics have an enhanced ability to survive and reproduce, ensuring that, over time, adaptive change will modify a
DNA Extraction Aim: To extract DNA from a carrot using house hold products. Method: * Step 1 – Pour 60 ml (¼ cup) of clear alcohol into a glass. Place the glass into the bowl of iced water to chill, then set aside. * Step 2 – Pour 120 ml (½ cup) of tap/distilled water into the measuring cup with the salt. Add 30 ml (2 tablespoons) of clear detergent and mix carefully until the salt is dissolved.
Abstract: The ability to isolate caffeine from tea leaves was questioned and was found to be successful in this experiment. This was achieved by extracting caffeine, separating other natural substances and sublimating the existing caffeine. The weight of the caffeine isolated from the tea leaves was .0186g; which is a 33.8% recovery of the original material of caffeinated tea leaves. Introduction: This experiment’s purpose is to extract the caffeine that consists in a small portion of tea leaves. The theory of extraction is a technique used to separate organic compounds from a mixture or a solution of compounds.
Darwin’s evolutionary theory is made up of four forces which are mutation, gene flow, gene drift, and finally natural selection. In the example of the Grant’s finches, the founder effect, a.k.a. genetic drift, is clearly described in the Natural Selection in Action: Galapagos Finches handout when it said, “This small founder population to survived and reproduced, and through genetic drift and natural selection accumulated sufficient variations over time to establish a variety of new species.” It is important to understand that the process of natural selection is closely linked to the environment a particular species inhabits. In the case of the Grant’s finches, there was described to be fourteen species of Galapagos finches, which evolved from a common ancestor. The Galapagos finches is a prime example of adaptive radiation because the Grant’s study displayed how the shapes of the finches beaks varied in order to best equip them for the differing habitats and diets they had.