In addition, the States had socially influenced Canada greatly, in terms of culture. Canada did gain some political independence, hampered by the fact that Canada depended on the United States for much of its social and economic success. Canada’s prime minister, Mackenzie King, did not follow the regular rules set by Britain. Instead he refused to send Canadian troops with Britain to invade Turkey in 1922. (Cranny p.55) Normally, when Britain went to war, Canada would automatically be at war as well, but King took a big step in not following orders from the mother country.
There were circumstances existing within the Dominion which lead leaders to push for confederation. First of all, in 1865, United States cancelled the “Canadian/ American Reciprocity Treaty”, the free trade agreement which allowed goods to move between Eastern Canada and U.S.A. This meant that Eastern Canada would have to look for new places to ship their goods. A union of all of Canada could become this route of trade. Secondly, in the Province of Canada, the government had difficulty reaching agreement, because there was no party that could have majority support.
In August 1971, America had introduced its New Economic Program (NEP), also referred to as the Nixon Shock. This new economic plan drove an end to the “special relationship” that existed between Canada and the United States since WWII, as the new program called for import surcharges as well as tax credits on American-produced machinery. This program had a great affect Canada’s trade and relationship with the U.S. and as a result, Trudeau and his government were given three options in response. The first was to stick with the status quo, the second was to form closer ties, and the third choice was to rely less on the U.S.A while strengthening Canada’s economy. Canada adopts the Third Option policy, and sets out to diversify international trade and build economic nationalism.
As consider the acquisition requirement by Maple Group will affect the majority ownership of TMX, Wayne Fox, the director of TMX said merger with LSE also was the better choice than with Maple Group. The rejection inspired Maple Group patriotic feelings, as the local company of Canada, they didn’t want the Toronto stock exchange be the part of London stock exchange company, therefore, Maple didn’t give up to acquire TMX. Until 30 June, 2011, LSE and TMX give up their merge plan as no more than half of the shareholders of TMX agree with the acquisition. When we analyse the reason why Maple persistent in merge with TMX, some economists said like: Moffatt Mike of Richard Ivey said, the merge was based on the patriotism which will add the stress on investors who invest in Canada. Robert Young of Liquidnet Canada said, the merge wave inspired the patriotic feeling of Canadians, like what did by Singapore stock exchange group.
Why it was difficult for Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin to reach satisfactory agreements at the Yalta Conference (6) There were several areas of dispute at the Yalta conference. The main one was Poland. Stalin wanted to keep the parts of Poland that he had won in the Nazi-Soviet Pact in 1939. He also wanted Poland expanded westwards by giving it pars of Germany. That would make Germany weaker and put a buffer zone between Germany and the Soviet Union, Germany had invaded the Soviet Union twice in 30 years and Stalin wanted to ensure that it would not happen again.
Unionists were also upset that if they decided to opt out, a boundary commission would be set up to redraw the border between North and South, this means that they might lose territories that had nationalist majority to the south. James Craig eventually went to London to protest but was assured by Lloyd George that it would only tidy up the border. After the establishment of Northern Ireland and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, violence escalated between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland, and especially in border areas where the proposal of a boundary commission would redraw the border. To solve this violence Collins and Craig decided to meet in January and in March 1922. They made an agreement, Collins promised to cease the boycotting of Belfast goods and in exchange Craig promised to protect Catholics and
Many members of parliament were not willing to compromise and come up with a solution to make Canada a better country. Surprisingly, Macdonald joined with the leader of the Liberals, George Brown, to form the Great Coalition. This was an alliance formed to make decision-making in Canada easier. Canada’s votes were always separated by the French and English who always voted against each other. Macdonald believed unity would help Canada solve its issues.
It is commonly accepted that Germany were eager for a war, however in 1914 they were only responding to events in Sarajevo by agreeing to back Austria, as opposed to starting a war with no origin. The Germans also felt cheated by this treaty, because virtually none of Wilson’s ‘Fourteen Points’ had been included in it. On the 5th November 1918, Germany had accepted the Fourteen Points as the basis for peace and an armistice, however when the Treaty of Versailles was signed, the Fourteen Points had been largely forgotten. This shows Clemenceau’s’ and Frances’ determination to crush Germany as they were largely forced to accept charges that they knew would greatly weaken and inhibit them in the future as they tried to rebuild. Germany understood that they would have to ‘reduce weapon numbers’, however they did not expect to
It is clear that if the Western Powers were against Hitler, war could have been avoided, it encouraged Hitler, Hitler could never be appeased, and that it prompted the Nazi-Soviet Pact. However due to its failure the policy of appeasement, to some extent was responsible for the collapse of International Pease by 1939, but not mainly responsible. There were superseded by other factors: Treaty of Versailles, the Great Depression, role of Hitler and the failure of League of Nations. Appeasement means giving into a nations demand in order to avoid further conflict or war. World War 1 caused the death of nearly nine million people and cost huge sums of money.
Parliament were initially enthusiastic, saying to James “take your sword in your hand… direct the point of your sword at Spain”. However, due to James’ continued good relations with Spain, Parliament were reluctant to grant James the huge sums of money necessary for war, and hence voted him a mere subsidy of roughly £140,000 which was woefully inadequate for the purpose that it was intended. However Parliament had every right to be suspicious, as James had placed 2500 troops on the continent, but actually forbidden them to fight and was continuing his negotiations with Spain. James felt that the Spanish Match should be used as a tool to restore Frederick to the Palatinate, and this would allow him to avoid military intervention. The King, however, neglected to mention this to his Parliament who became understandably confused and wary due to the carelessness of James and his lack of communication.