Her mother was Catherine of Aragon of Spain, a religious catholic. Mary, too, was brought up as a catholic. However, when it seemed unlikely that Catherine would be able to produce a male heir for Henry, he wanted a divorce. He knew that only the Pope would be able to get him a divorce from Catherine, and, when he sent Thomas Wolsey, his minister, to ask the Pope, the Pope found himself in a tricky position. He did not want to upset Henry but he did not want to anger Catherine’s nephew, Charles V, who was against the divorce.
This tells us that he had firm control of the country, and was allowing change in the safest of manors. On the other hand the lack of rebellions may have been due to Northumberland’s ruthless nature during previous rebellions making people afraid of repeating the same outcome. The movement to Protestantism can be attributed more to the Kings wishes, and not represent what Northumberland himself wanted. Northumberland’s social and economic ideas were primarily aiming towards getting the government’s finances back to stability. After Henry VIII’s erratic spending the crown and country were in financial crisis and this systematic and logical approach made by Northumberland towards the crisis shows his ability in this area of ruling.
Henry had immediately married her after all the delays that his father had caused. Everything had seemed to be going to plan but later he faced major problems because of his decisions. Henry was largely successful in being different to his father. The nobility liked Henry and saw him as a true king because he had engaged in war where his father never did. Henry also wanted England to be a major power in international affairs.
Cromwell hoped that the marriage to the German princess would secure support against the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor, and strengthen the bonds of Protestantism. Despite the marriage not working it was clear that Cromwell’s influence was a bad decision on Henry VIII’s behalf look manipulated as he put his trust into Cromwell. Cromwell showed to be more in control with legal issues for example his last office of Lord Great Chamberlain, gave him control over the whole household-above-stairs, Chamber and Privy Chamber, this clearly means that Henry had a lack in control, however his lack in control could of been down to his ill
John demanded hostages from these barons to make sure they did not plot against him again. Barons from the North of England refused to help John attack Philip II of France. John marched north to punish them, but the Archbishop of Canterbury threatened to excommunicate his soldiers if he didn’t turn back. John eventually turned back. Barons from the North of England refused to help John attack Philip II of France.
The Success of ‘The Edict of Nantes’ in 1598. The Edict of Nantes in 1598 was only a temporary solution to the religious wars in France from 1562-1598. There were several attempts to bring peace and unity to France during this time but each attempt was met with hostility by both sides and a common ground was not found until the reign of Henry IV. The problems with the Edict of Nantes’ predecessors were that they heavily favoured the Catholics and never met the demands of the Huguenots. The likes of the Edict of Saint-Germaine and Ambroise both gave small successions to the Huguenots but not what they desired.
Luther and Henry VIII’s motives for reform sprung from entirely different sources. Luther disagreed with the Catholic church over the doctrine that allowed the selling of indulgences to lay people. After study of the Scriptures, Luther decided that salvation was achieved not by indulgences or even good works, but only by faith alone. Henry VIII’s reasons for his break with the church came from his desire to divorce his wife at the time, Catherine, and marry Anne Boleyn. He asked Pope Clement VII to announce that the king’s previous marriage to Catherine of Aragon was invalid.
Henry VIII began his reign as a loyal Catholic, accepting the Pope as head of the Church. The Pope even gave Henry the title, ‘Defender of the Faith’. This was a reward for writing a book that defended the Pope against criticism from a German reformer called Martin Luther. However, things did not stay the same - Henry VIII and the Pope had a quarrel. It was over Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
Why did Henry VIII break with Rome? There are various reasons as to why Henry VIII broke with Rome. However, the main reasons are the State of the Church, the need for money, the need for more power, his undying love for Anne Boleyn and his strong desire for a male heir. The most significant reason for Henry’s break with Rome was his need for a son to be the successor to his throne when he died. Henry VIII believed that it was necessary to have a male heir so that he could make sure that the Tudor dynasty survived throughout generations.
He is also proud that his knights who carry advertisements will influence people in a way that the Church cannot control: “This would undermine the Church. I mean would be a step toward that. Next, education—next, freedom —and then she would begin to crumble” (85). However, Christianization of the Anglo Saxon kingdoms did not start until the end of the sixth century. Therefore, Catholicism was by no means recognized as the main religion during King Arthur’s time.