These shapes fitting together to form enzyme-substrate complexes is very important in many processes. For example, in the process of DNA replication, DNA helicase must have the correct shape in order to separate the DNA strands and DNA polymerase must have the correct shape so that free nucleotides can join to their complimentary base pair on sugar phosphate backbone to create new strands of DNA. It is also important for the nucleotides to join together with their complimentary base pair, which is more shapes fitting together to form DNA. It is also important that antigens and antibodies fit together. When a bacteria enters the body it has antigens on its surface that are recognised by the white blood cells.
The DNA changes that are described in Henry’s story are changes to the coding strands of the CYP2C9 genes. What is the function of the coding strand and how does it differ from the function of the template strand of Henry’s CYP2C9 gene? The function of a coding strand is the strand that is going to be transcribed. The function of a template strand is the complementary strand from the coding strand. The template strand is what is used as a template in the synthesis of
Hybridization- crossing different traits to bring the best of organisms into one. For example crossing disease resistance of one plant with the food-producing capacity of another to produce a superior plant. 3)Cloning is the process of taking a single cell from an adult organism to recreate another genetically identical organism. 4)DNA fingerprinting is developed by molecular biology; it analyzes unique sections made up of a variety of DNA band. DNA fingerprinting is a powerful and crucial tool that can determine a person’s identity.
There are many processes in which it is important that these shapes fit, for example DNA helicase, RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase must all have the correct shape in order for DNA strands to separate, mRNA to form and DNA to then rejoin during polypeptide synthesis. During polypeptide synthesis it is also important that Amino acyl RNA synthetase fits together with an amino acid and tRNA molecule in order to join them to form an amino acyl tRNA molecule, then for yet another enzyme to help form peptide bonds between amino acids. Another enzyme for which it is very important to have the correct shape is caspase. Caspases are involved in cell apoptosis, in which a cell kills itself. This usually happens after a cell reaches its hayflick limit, the limit in number of times it can divide, and becomes senescent.
These biological factors are said to determine an individual’s development and characteristics . the ability to speak a first language are thought to be due to an in progress genetic inheritance. Genes provide the instructions for structuring amino acids which in turn influence the proteins within our body cells. Genes process the chemical basis of our biology. Depending on the genes we inherit and the environmental influences we are exposed to, we will act apon a situation differently.
BIO 5 June 12 essay 10a The importance of shapes fitting together in cells and organisms Plan- • Enzymes - lock and key model, induced fit, specific complementary shapes, digestion of lactose, restriction enzyme in DNA • RuBP binding with CO2 in light dependent reaction of photosynthesis • Muscles - contraction, sliding filament theory • Blood and oxygen - inhibitors blood glucose receptors on cell surface membrane Essay- There are numerous examples of of the importance of shapes fitting together in cells and organisms. For example ; within enzymes, DNA, photosynthesis, muscle contraction, and receptors. Enzymes are used in every aspect of biology to catalysts a reaction. As they bind to substrate molecules which have a specific complementary shape to the enzyme, to form enzyme-substrate complexes and finally the enzyme and the product. There are many models of enzymes, such as the lock and key model, which explores the structure of the enzyme and its ability to bind with a substrate molecule which is specific and complementary.
Describe the sequence of signs and symptoms, vascular and tissues events, and cells and mediators involved. 3. Explain the difference between active immunity and passive immunity. 4. Discuss, in detail, all the genetic and cellular events encompassed in the clonal selection theory of lymphocyte development.
Explain how DNA replicates? What are some characteristics of the structure of DNA? Explain complementary base pairing. 15. Describe in detail the phases of mitosis.
Nature has selected advantageous variations from the mutations and new gene combo's produced at each human understanding. The genes selected during our ancestors history provide strong capacity to learn and adapt to life in varied environments. 2. Identify several methods used to study the brain and give a significant finding
1-2-09 Glowing Bacteria Genes are pieces of DNA which hold the instructions for making proteins. The protein will then give an organism a particular trait. Genetic transformation means changes caused by genes, and requires the insertion of a gene into an organism, in order to change the trait. this technique is used by in many areas of biotechnology. Agriculturally, plants can be genetically transformed to be resistant to pesticides, spoilage, and frost.