TASK 1 (P1/M1) outline biological and psychological explanations for mental disorders. there are many biological and psychological explanations to explain the reasons behind mental disorders. here below are a few reasons/explanations for mental disorders: BIOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS: · genetics: : Many mental illnesses run in families, suggesting that people who have a family member with a mental illness are more likely to develop one themselves. · infections: Certain infections have been linked to brain damage and the development of mental illness or the worsening of its symptoms[->0]. · brain defects or injury: Defects in or injury to certain areas of the brain have also been linked to some mental illnesses.
Reasons for Depression PSY/315 July 15, 2015 Depression is rampant in our culture today. This paper will help describe and define the sources of depression using a two-tailed test with alternative hypothesis testing. The two conditions to be evaluated will be the cause of the depression; biological or psychological. The null in this scenario would be that the depression is caused equally amongst both groups of individuals. By using surveys, we will be able to obtain information which cannot be observed directly, which will not translate into a conclusion.
It is thought that these brain differences cause differences in the behaviour of males and females and could provide insight into the cause of gender dysphoria. The suggestion is that pre-natal hormones cause atypical brain development in the foetus and the child’s brain develops in a way that is not consistent with its genitalia and chromosomes. A strength of the brain sex theory is that it has supporting evidence, Kruijver (2000) carried out a post mortem analysis of
Childhood maltreatment studies have offered diverse predictors in the types of childhood maltreatment associated with BPD. Sexual abuse, inconsistent maltreatment by a female caretaker, emotional denial by a male caretaker, emotional neglect, and emotional abuse have all been found to be significant predictors of BPD (Hernandez, Arntz, Gaviria, Labad, & Gutiérrez-Zotes, 2012). Mentalization, the process in which we make sense of each other and ourselves, is undermined by genetic and early environmental factors (Fonagy, Luyten, & Strathearn, 2011). There may be several pathways that lead to developing BPD but childhood sexual abuse is the most frequently reported by 40-71% of patients with BPD. The severity of the disorder is also linked with the severity of the sexual abuse, which has led some clinicians to view BPD as a form of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (Lieb, Zanarini, Schmahl, Linehan, & Bohus,
Abnormal Psychology Lisa Mac Donald-Clark PSY/410 December 19, 2011 Mark Hurd Abnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology, also known as psychopathology, is the branch of psychology that deals with abnormal behaviors and mental illness (Hansell & Damour, (2008). Although psychopathology is a fascinating field of study it can be equally challenging, covering a broad range of disorders, illnesses, and symptoms. Defining abnormal psychology also poses a challenge. The fundamental concept of abnormal would seem simple in that it would include anything that falls outside of what societies considers normal. Narrowing the group association is essential in defining the behavior as normal or abnormal.
Despite the severe risks associated with BPD, relatively little is known about the disorder’s etiology. Identification of genetic correlates (endophenotypes) of BPD would improve the prospects of targeted interventions for more homogeneous subsets of borderline patients characterized by specific genetic vulnerabilities.” (McCloskey & New, 2009). In order to get a visual look at how borderline personality disorder (BPD) operates we will use the 1987 thriller Fatal Attraction. The characters in this movie will demonstrate how an individual can go from a pleasant and respectable person to a monster in sheep clothing’s. This movie shows how each person sees the relation
The CDI is used to provide assessment of the presence of depressive symptoms and measure the severity of depression. Two articles, one research and one newspaper, were reviewed in relation to the CDI that showed how the CDI aides in predicting and identifying various elements associated with the influences and circumstances behind depression in children. The research article has many advantages including being peer reviewed, establishing standardization, reliability, and validity. Disadvantages are few but include being critical of peer reviewed articles as claims may not be entirely correct. Researchers should be careful when searching electronic databases and should be critical when reading any article to ensure one’s work is scientifically
Stephen Barlas reports in Psychiatric Times that antidepressants are found to cause “possible suicidal ideation and suicide attempts as side effects” (2006). With these possible side effects, parents are looking at other treatment options to help their children, including the combination of antidepressants with cognitive behavioral therapy. When researching about various antidepressants, fluoxetine, also known as Prozac, offered the most relevant and conclusive data concerning its effects on adolescents, and it was the most noted antidepressant combined with cognitive behavioral therapy. This paper will examine the symptoms of adolescent depression, how using the antidepressant fluoxetine affects depression in adolescents, and the results of studies using the combination of fluoxetine and cognitive behavioral therapy to treat major depression in
03-Kelloway-4838.qxd 12/19/2005 3:42 PM Page 29 3 E Emotions, Violence, and Counterproductive Work Behavior Paul E. Spector Suzy Fox Theresa Domagalski motion has long played a central role in research and theory concerning human aggression and violence. Thinking in experimental and social psychology has evolved from an initial focus on frustration mainly as a situational condition (Dollard, Doob, Miller, Mowrer, & Sears, 1939) to more modern theories that incorporate a variety of negative emotional states in response to situational frustration and other environmental conditions and events (Anderson & Bushman, 2002; Berkowitz, 1998). Parallel to the social psychology work on human aggression, emotion has also been central in much organizational work on workplace aggression and the broader concept of counterproductive work behavior (CWB). Injustice and stressful conditions have been specifically linked to negative emotions and both aggression and CWB (e.g., Fox, Spector, & Miles, 2001). It has been recognized that aggressive acts can occur for a variety of reasons, and a distinction has been made between affective aggression that is associated with negative emotion and instrumental aggression that is not (Neuman & Baron, 1997).
Topic Three: Abnormal Psychology Critically discuss the problems involved with studying the effects of stressful life events on depression Each research method has its own particular strength and weakness in helping us to understand the nature and causes of abnormal behaviour, specifically, the effects of stressful life events on depression. Because of the personal nature of studying the effects of stressful life events on depression, a series of problems which “compromise our ability to make clear causal inferences about the effects of life events on first onset of major depression” (Kessler 1997) have been observed. These problems relate to both quantitative and qualitative methods of study. The quantitative data method describe, for example, longitudinal and cross sectional surveys while qualitative methods interpret, using, for example, group discussions, in-depth interviews and case studies. The following paper will critically discuss examples of both quantitative and qualitative methods and their positive and negative features which create problems for researchers studying the effects of stressful life events.