Anita Desai's Language Politics Theme in "In Custody"

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Monika Pareek Professor Singh English Section A 3rd October Language politics: The Urdu-Hindi controversy The question of Urdu in India is an extremely layered one which needs to be examined historically, politically and ideologically in order to grasp the various forces which have shaped its current perception as a sectarian language adopted by Indian Muslims, marking their separation from the national collectivity. Both Hindi and Urdu developed from the Khariboli dialect spoken in the Delhi region of northern India. Along with this common origin Hindi and Urdu also share the same grammar and most of the basic vocabulary of everyday speech, but they developed as two separate languages in terms of script. Urdu written in modified form of Persian script has a broadly Islamic orientation. Hindi on the other hand written in Devnagri traces a long history through the Hindu culture. The Hindi–Urdu controversy is an ongoing dispute—dating back to the 19th century. While the debate was officially settled by a government order in 1950, declaring Hindi as the official language, some resistance remains. The present notion among Muslims about this dispute is that Hindus abandoned Urdu Language, whereas Hindus believe that Urdu was artificially created during Muslim rule. According to Paul R. Brass, Professor of Political Science and International Studies at the University of Washington notes in his book, Language, Religion and Politics in North India, “ | The Hindi-Urdu controversy by its very bitterness demonstrates how little the objective similarities between language groups matter when people attach subjective significance to their languages. Willingness to communicate through the same language is quite a different thing from the mere ability to communicate.” | This article will explore these themes through the lens of literature, specifically an Indian English

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