Ancient Rome - Reasons for Military Dominance

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The Roman army was a complete fighting force, using superior technology including armour and weapons, the money to not only have a professional army but to well equip it, utilising superior soldiers with amazing engineering skills and multi-faceted training and commanders with a clear understanding of what is required during a sustained campaign to become the one of the most powerful war machines the ancient world ever saw. The strength of the army was so great that it became a tool of political ambitions, used in both the invasion and occupation of countries and even in a military coup under Julius Caesar. Ancient Roman society was very militaristic, and the army was naturally a central part of their society. The Roman army was made entirely from Roman citizens (with the exception of the mercenary cavalry) and was under the direct control of the Roman emperor. To become eligible to join the senate at the age of 25, a young Roman first had to have some experience in the art of war and in commanding men. These men became tribunes, the lowest rank of professional officer, generally only serving in the army for the advancement of their political careers. Originally the army was made of the upper and middle classes, they could be chosen for service from between the ages of 17 and 45, with a16-year maximum service limit. They were expected to supply their own armour and weapons, being paid just enough to cover the cost of living in the army. The soldiers would prefer to be working and earning money on their farms and consequently many of the soldiers deliberately tried to be discharged early. Eventually Marius, the Roman consul, changed the law that a certain amount of land was required to be eligible for service in the army. After this the army became a way for the poor to escape from their surrounds and become something larger than themselves. Far from looking
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