It would stress that he needed to examine what he is feeling and how to use those feelings in a positive way. Psychologists view this type of therapy combined with behavioral therapy as beneficial as you can isolate what is causing the anxiety by examining patient's cognitions and providing ways to alter that behavior into a positive one. The behavioral approach would focus on how negative thoughts were contributing to Jake's anxiety. The behavioral perspective contends that our thoughts affect the way we feel, that our thoughts could more or less contribute to the anxiety such as Jake is feeling. It would examine what would be the best way to modify his behavior.
Describe how the cognitive approach has been applied to RET The cognitive approach believes that we are information processors. Our thinking and the way we process and interpret events can affect our behaviour particularly our mood. Therefore rational emotional therapy is linked to the approach because its attempts to change the way an individual interprets and thinks about certain events. Ret was devised by albert ellis in the 1950’s. it tries to tackle mustabatory thinking (the thinking that you must be good at everything and like by everyone) by trying to make the patient think more rationally about situations.
Cohen (1972) defined moral panic as societal threat whereas Furedi (1994) described moral panics as a threat to happiness and health. Continuing the research in same domain, Goode and Ben-Yehuda also contributed in defining the concept of moral panics in relation to the cultural, social and political problems. Focusing on the broader spectrum presented by Goode and Ben-Yehuda, the given paper has been written. The main aim of the current discussion is to highlight the study or research conducted by Goode and Ben-Yehuda about a specific issue and major public concern that is none other than moral panics. The given paper has been categorized into the following sections in order to develop an understanding what the researchers have done in terms of constructionism, moral crusades and social problems.
Psychophysiology notes that “Self-serving attributions occur when negative personal outcomes are ascribed to external circumstances and when positive outcomes are ascribed to internal factors. Individuals strategically employ the self-serving bias to maintain and protect positive self-views. “(Page 511) Stereo Typing Brown, Rupert (2010). Prejudice: Its Social Psychology (2nd ed.). Stereotypes lead people to expect certain actions from members of social groups.
Both theories are adaptive responses learned through internal and external environmental experiences. Stress can lead to thoughts that cause anxiety and panic over unrealistic fears. With cognitive restructuring, the person can learn how to think differently and replace the thought with rational and more positive thinking. In Piaget's theory, "it is the process of taking one's environment and new information and fitting it into pre-existing schemas" (Cognitive theory). Schemas allow the person to interpret mental and physical actions through the process of obtaining knowledge.
Where thinkers value the principles and rules, feelers consider the people affected by the situation. J or P: Structuring This dimension refers to whether the preference is for being adaptable by keeping open to perceiving new information or getting organized and making quicker decisions. When a person follows explanations open-mindedly, for example, Perception (adaptability) is preferred. On the other hand, if one’s mind is rather quickly made up as to agreement or disagreement, then Judging (organization) is
This awareness is hypothesized to be deeply threatening • A model hypothesizing that recognition of their own morality raises anxiety in humans, which they can reduce by affirming and conforming to their cultural worldview • This conforming act gives meaning to existence • Reminding people of their morality increases their use of stereotypes • Basically, conformity to social values and cultural worldviews can serve to protect people from death anxiety • This provides a sense of symbolic immortality o Social impact theory • A model that conceives of influence fro other people as being the result of social forces acting on individuals, much as psychical forces can affect an object • Strength of social force (intensity) matters • Immediacy refers to the closeness of each social force • Numbers refers to the quantity of social forces present • Psychosocial law • A principle in social impact theory that specifies the nature of the relation between the size of a group and its social influence. The principle predicts that as the number of social forces increases, overall social influence also increases, but at a declining rate
Gaining new information about people or other groups b. Diffusing more serious conflict c. Increasing cohesiveness Conflict as Destructive: Assumptions: a. conflict is a destructive disturbance of the peace, the social system should be adjusted to the needs of members; rather, members should adapt to established values When conflict does arise, the strong spiritual value of pacifism dictates a nonresistant response-often avoidance. Ting-Toomey (1991): suggests that these orientations are based on different cultural values for identity and face saving. Low conflict cultures 1. Interpersonal practices that build security and trust 2. Strong linkage between individual and community interests 3.
Emotions PSY/240 February 21, 2014 Emotions Charles Darwin’s theory of emotion proposed that emotions evolved because they had adaptive behavior. For example, fear developed because it helped people to act in ways that enhanced their chances of survival. Darwin believed that facial expressions of emotions are “hard wired”. The facial expressions allow people to quickly judge someone’s hostility or friendliness and to communicate intentions to others. In other words, all emotions result from blends and different intensities of these primary emotions such as, happiness, contempt, surprise, disgust, anger, fear, and sadness.
The cognitive approach believes that the way we perceive ourselves and the environment influences how we behave (Irrational thoughts lead to irrational behaviour). Albert Ellis developed Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) believing that changing the ways in which we think will help change our feelings, attitudes and behaviour as he felt it more effective to focus on their current thinking patterns. REBT has been applied to alcoholism, offering a constructive way of dealing with the thoughts and emotions associated with addictive drinking. Ellis used the A(Activating Event) B(Beliefs) C(Consequences) model that when an activating event occurs, such as getting dumped by a boyfriend, thoughts are generated that lead to emotion, arousal and behavioural consequences, such as depression, largely because they elicit irrational beliefs, I guess I deserved it, about these events. Some people will endlessly 'damn' themselves, seeing themselves as no good in every situation, REBT encourages clients to develop an unconditional acceptance of themselves, and recognise that everybody makes mistakes.