Understanding the causes and spread of infection The differences are that bacteria are an organism which produces toxins which grow and then divide. Virus - are smaller than a cell. It can't reproduce outside the cell unlike bacteria, so they invade the cells and inject the genes into the nucleus and creates copies of itself Fungi - causes disease by absorbing nutrients, and producing toxins Bacteria, fungi and viruses are all separate entities and are completely different from each other. Parasites, however, can refer to a number of different things including bacteria, fungi and viruses. A parasite is any organism which lives inside a different organism in a symbiotic relationship in which only the parasite benefits from the symbiosis.
They replicate by invading targeted cells of their host and taking over genetic material responsible for reproduction. These are tiny infectious agents that are so small that even a light microscope will not detect them visibly, infecting all kinds of cells from bacteria, fungi, plants, animals and humans. Some of their common illnesses and infections include colds, influenza, chicken pox, measles, mumps, herpes, norovirus and cold sores. Fungi are simple plant like single-celled organisms, reproducing both sexually and asexually via spores. They take on various forms and can include yeast and moulds.
Unit 20 1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites 1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, Fungi and parasites 1.3 Describe what is meant by ‘infection’ and ‘colonisation’ 1.4 Explain what is meant by ‘systemic infection’ and ‘localised infection’ 1.5 Identify poor practices that may lead to the spread of infection 2.1 Explain the conditions needed for the growth of micro-organisms 2.2 Explain the ways an infective agent might enter the body 2.3 Identify common sources of infection 2.4 Explain how infective agents can be transmitted to a person 2.5 Identify the key factors that will make it more likely that infection will Occur 1; 1 the difference between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites are: Viruses are coated genetic material that invade cells and use the cell's apparatus for reproduction. Bacteria are single celled organisms. Some classify them as a separate (fourth) kingdom Bacteria are single celled organisms. Some classify them as a separate (fourth) kingdom on the tree of life. Fungi are multi-celled organisms that form a third Kingdom of life, along with the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom.
This kind of Staphylococcus aureus is called “MRSA”, referred to methicillin-resistant S. aureus. This bacteria are multi-resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, meaning that they are resistant to different kinds of antibiotics, such as penicillin, methicillin, dicloxacillin and cephalosporin. As the process goes, that normal Staphylococcus aureus are being killed by penicillin antibiotic, and the ones that are resistant survived and keep on reproducing, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that is penicillin resistant spread in the community and its amount kept on increasing. This made natural selection to occur, which the bacteria that are antibiotic resistance are suitable ones and they survived in
Basophils are not well understood, but they function in allergic reactions. They release histamine; which causes blood vessels to leak and attracts white blood cells and heparin; which prevents clotting in the infected area so that the white blood cells can reach the bacteria. Monocytes
It is completely dependent on the host. 1.2 The common illnesses caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites are: Bacteria – E.coli, Salmonella, Tetanus, Tuberculosis. Viruses – Chicken Pox, Polio, Ebola, HIV/AIDS.
Chromosomal mutation modifies the enzymes that it targets and forms a bond that tricks the enzyme to believe that it a good enzyme. But, sometimes the mutation is not successful in bonding because the mutation was not strong enough to bond completely. An example of how a pathogen can mutate is streptococcal pharyngitis. Streptococcal pharyngitis is strep throat. Most of the time you are given some sort of “cillin”, like amoxicillin or penicillin, to treat the virus.
A communicable infection is any disease that can be transmitted from one person to another, these infection can be caused by viruses which is a microscopic organism and cannot reproduce without a host, fungi is a skin infection, bacteria is a single celled microorganisms and can thrive in different environments from extreme cold or heat and parasites infection is contamination of one organism with another living organism that then begins to feed off or reside in the initial organism. As an employee you must ensure your own health is good and not come into work if you have flu, scabies, ringworm or viral gastroenteritis (these are a few example of infections) as these infections would pose a risk to service users and colleagues, also you must maintain your own hygiene, clean hair, nails, clothes. At all times you must maintain effective hand washing when handling and preparing food, when providing personal care to service users and if you sneeze or cough in your hands. Hand washing techniques from NHS * Wet hands with water * Apply enough soap and hand wash to cover all hand surfaces. * Rub hands palm to palm.
Bacterial infections can usually be treated with anti-biotics however some types of bacteria can form a protective spore which can make them more resistant to heat and chemicals. The requirements for optimum growth are is a temperature of 37c, water, food, time, oxygen/ no oxygen. Common illnesses caused by bacteria are Salmonella, tuberculosis, MRSA, bronchitis, ear infections and tonsillitis. Virus-tend to be smaller than bacteria and in order for the cells to reproduce they need to be in a living host. The common way of treating a virus is through immunization as anti-biotics will not be effective against viral infections.
A virus is a small piece of genetic material that has a protein coating to protect itself. A virus exists for the single purpose of reproducing. They invade and ‘hijack’ normal living cells and then multiply and produce viruses like themselves. The cells eventually die from this and this is what can make people ill. Many people get viruses from either swallowing or inhaling them, being bitten or sexual contact.