Aging Process In Elderly

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The process of ageing on the human body will inevitably leave activities of daily living more difficult to perform. As Ireland has an ageing population with 11% (467,926) of people over 65 years (Central Statistics Office 2006), the older adult will need assistance from knowledgeable nurses resulting from the effects ageing has on the body. Firstly, this author will identify structural and functional changes in the older adult in relation to two vital activities of daily living: mobility and communication. Secondly, individualised nursing care for these activities of daily living with reference to prevention of falls will be discussed. Structural and functional changes: mobility Mobility is imperative regardless of any age however the older adult may find more difficulty with mobility due to loss of skeletal muscle mass, tone and strength (Farley et al. 2006). Decreased loss of mobility on the older adult will impinge difficultly on their overall quality of life which may cause isolation and loss of independence with activities of daily living. Therefore, if the older adult maintains good levels of physical activity this may not be the case, argues Farley et al. (2006). Spinal changes, such as a decrease in size and strength of invertebral discs and cartilage between the discs, can cause reduced mobility in the older adult (Crandall 1980). In some older adults this may cause a hump to develop on their back. These changes can also mean height is reduced by up to three inches (Farley et al. 2006). The ageing persons gait will also change size, for men it will widen and women’s will get narrower, which greatly increases the risk of falls in older females especially. Bone loss is another major problem facing the older adult. As we age loss of bone density and thinning of bone tissue occurs. Martini and Nath (2009) describe this as an age-related loss in

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