only the portion of the loss attributable to inventory sold during the period is recorded in the financial statements. B. the market value figure for ending inventory is substituted for cost and the loss is buried in cost of goods sold C. a loss is recorded directly in the inventory account by crediting inventory and debiting loss on inventory decline. D. there is a direct reduction in the selling price of the product that results in a loss being recorded on the income statement prior to the sale. 15) Designated market value A. may sometimes exceed net realizable value. B. should always be equal to net realizable value less a normal profit margin.
If a company pays out dividends, it may reduce their capability to pay their liabilities. The first entry is the retained earnings from the previous financial period. The next entry is the net income from the income statement. If dividends were paid to shareholders, the amount would be deducted from the sum of previous retained earnings and the net income. The result would be the retained earnings from the current financial period.
When a net operating loss is carried back to a non-loss year, the net operating loss is a miscellaneous itemized deduction. ANS: F An NOL is a business loss. Therefore, the deduction is a deduction for AGI. PTS: 1 REF: p. 7-23 MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Mable is in the business of factoring accounts receivable.
Credit (e) Service Revenue. Credit (f ) Salaries and Wages Expense. Debit (g) Common Stock. Credit
In fiscal year 2008, the return on invested capital of continuing operations was 9.5% compared to fiscal year 2007’s 13.9%. The decrease reflects the decrease in operating profit that also impacts the rationalization charges. If the rationalization charges are excluded the return on invested capital for continuing operations would have been 11.4% (Phillips, Libby, Libby, 2011). The cash flow statement shows the movement of cash within a company. The cash flow statement is split into three categories: operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities.
The retained earnings statement reconciles the beginning and ending balances of the retained earnings. Some organizations sometimes combine it with the income statement. The final amount of the retained earnings is the ending balance, which indicates why the earnings may have increased or decreased for that period. If there is a net loss, the loss is deducted from the dividends in the retained earnings (Weygandt, 2008). As for the balance sheet, it shows the assets, liabilities, and stockholder’s equity for a specified date.
This choice does, however, affect how individual shareholders’ accounts are reported in the balance sheet. Formally retiring shares restores the balances in both the common stock account and paid-in capital - excess of par to how those balances would have looked if the shares never had been issued. Any net increase in assets produced from the sale and ensuing repurchase is reflected as Paid-in capital—share repurchase. On the other hand, any net decrease in assets resulting from the sale and subsequent repurchase is repeated as a subtraction of retained earnings. Inversely, when a share repurchase is seen as treasury stock, the cost of the treasury stock is naturally disclosed as a decrease in total shareholders’ equity.
Total risk can be measured by company’s Return on Equity (ROE). When a company only uses equity financing, its ROE is lower than when company uses both debt financing and equity financing. In the case of debt financing there are interest expenses that lower the net income so ROE is higher. c. The market risk framework consists of investors’ required return for business risk and the required return for financial risk. The risk is measured by beta.
The second ratio measures the effect of interest; it indicates the proportion of earnings before interest and tax that is retained after paying interest. It should be considered together with the leverage component (assets/equity). The third ratio measures the company’s operating profit on sales; it can be broken down into subcomponents such as gross profit margin. Common-sized income statements can help with
The expenditure method: the sum of the total expenditure on goods and services by households, govts and exports . (the value of exports minus the value of imports) 3. The income method: The sum of the income generated in the production of goods and services, which includes profits, wages and other employee payments, econome from rent and interest earned. Production, income and the circular flow diagram: The circular flow diagram shows the flow of spending and money in the economy. It illustrates the equality between GDP measured from the income and expenditure methods.